Produkt

KlappentextChristian Willi Scheiner examines selected fundamental determinants of entrepreneurial behaviour. To gain deeper insights it was essential to study influencing and determining factors before the decision is made to found a business. Therefore, not entrepreneurs but student samples were chosen.

Dr. Christian Willi Scheiner wrote his dissertation at the Chair of Industrial Management of Prof. Dr. Kai-Ingo Voigt at the Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.

Details

Weitere ISBN/GTIN9783834983275

ProduktartE-Book

EinbandartE-Book

FormatPDF

Format Hinweis1 - PDF Watermark

FormatE107

Verlag

Gabler Verlag

Erscheinungsjahr2009

Erscheinungsdatum28.10.2009

Auflage2009

SpracheEnglisch

IllustrationenXXI, 217 p. 49 illus.

Artikel-Nr.1478325

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Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;6
2;Preface;7
3;Contents;10
4;List of Figures;16
5;List of Tables;18
6;List of Abbreviations;20
7;1 Introduction;21
8;2 Fundamental Determinants of Entrepreneurial Behaviour;25
8.1;2.1 Introduction;25
8.2;2.2 Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneur;27
8.3;2.3 Intention Models as Base of the Theoretical Framework;29
8.4;2.3.1 Intention Models;29
8.5;2.4 Social Learning Theory;34
8.6;2.4.1 Social Learning Theory;34
8.7;2.4.2 Social Learning and Entrepreneurial Behaviour Development;37
8.8;2.4.3 Social Learning Theory and Entrepreneur Career Selection;37
8.9;2.4.4 Social Learning in the Theoretical Framework;40
8.10;2.5 Organisational Socialisation;41
8.11;2.5.1 Organisational Socialisation;41
8.12;2.5.2 Entrepreneurship Education as Form of Organisational Socialisation;42
8.13;2.5.3 Organisational Socialisation Strategies and Entrepreneurship Education;50
8.14;2.5.4 Organisational Socialisation and Entrepreneurship Education in the Theoretical Framework;53
8.15;2.6 Gender and Gender Theory;54
8.16;2.6.1 Sex and Gender;54
8.17;2.6.2 Gender in Entrepreneurship Research;55
8.18;2.6.3 Gender in the Theoretical Framework;59
8.19;2.7 Linkages to the Chapters;60
9;3 Gender-related Differences in the Founding Intention;65
9.1;3.1 Introduction;65
9.2;3.2 Literature Review;66
9.3;3.2.1 Gender;66
9.4;3.2.2 Business Foundation Intention;67
9.5;3.2.3 The Influence of the Family Background;69
9.6;3.2.4 Cognition towards Entrepreneurship (Motives and Hurdles);69
9.7;3.2.5 Longitudinal Studies;71
9.8;3.3 Methodology;71
9.9;3.3.1 Data Collection and Sample Characteristics;71
9.10;3.3.2 Operationalisation of Variables;72
9.11;3.4 Results;74
9.12;3.4.1 Intention;76
9.13;3.4.2 Motives for Becoming Self-employed;77
9.14;3.4.3 Motives against Becoming Self-employed (Perceived Hurdles);79
9.15;3.5 Regression Analyses;82
9.16;3.6 Discussion and Limitations;84
10;4 Gender-related Differences in Goals and Performance Evaluation?;86
10.1;4.1 Introduction;86
10.2;4.2 Theoretical Perspective and Research Questions;87
10.3;4.2.1 Students as a Focus in the Entrepreneurial Research;87
10.4;4.2.2 Male and Female Entrepreneurs in General;88
10.5;4.2.3 Working Goals;89
10.6;4.2.4 Success Perception;91
10.7;4.2.5 Longitudinal Studies;92
10.8;4.3 Methodology;93
10.9;4.3.1 Data Collection and Sample Characteristics;93
10.10;4.3.2 Operationalisation of the Variables;94
10.11;4.4 Results;95
10.12;4.4.1 Working Goals;97
10.13;4.4.2 Success Evaluation;99
10.14;4.5 Discussion and Conclusion;103
11;5 Students Attitude towards Entrepreneurship: Does Gender Matter?;105
11.1;5.1 Introduction;105
11.2;5.2 Literature Review;106
11.3;5.2.1 Gender Theory;106
11.4;5.2.2 Male and Female Entrepreneurs;106
11.5;5.2.3 Business Foundation Intentions;108
11.6;5.2.4 The Influence of Family Background;109
11.7;5.2.5 The Influence of the Educational Environment;110
11.8;5.2.6 Perceived Inhibiting (Hurdles) and Fostering (Motives) Factors towards the Founding Intention;111
11.9;5.3 Methodology;112
11.10;5.3.1 Research Methodology;112
11.11;5.3.2 Operationalisation of Variables;113
11.12;5.3.3 Data Collection and Sample Characteristics;114
11.13;5.4 Results;114
11.14;5.4.1 Descriptive Findings;114
11.15;5.4.2 Hypotheses Testing;118
11.16;5.5 Discussion and Conclusion;122
11.17;5.6 Implications for Entrepreneurship Research and Practice;123
11.18;5.7 Limitation - Suggestions for Further Research;124
12;6 Entrepreneurship Education in the United Kingdom and Germany;125
12.1;6.1 Introduction;125
12.2;6.2 Entrepreneurship Education in Germany and the United Kingdom;126
12.3;6.3 Entrepreneurship Education Concepts;128
12.4;6.3.1 Entrepreneurship Education at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg;129
12.5;6.3.2 Entrepreneurship Education at Leeds Metropolitan University;130
12.6;6.4 Methodology;133
12.7;6.4.1 Questionnaire;133
12.8;6.4.2 Operationalisation;133
12.9;6.5 Research Questions;135
12.10;6.6 Descriptive Findings;138
12.11;6.7 Empirical Analysis;143
12.12;6.7.1 Comparison of all Students;143
12.13;6.7.2 Comparison of Students with Entrepreneurship Education Attendance;146
12.14;6.7.3 Comparison of Founding Intention;149
12.15;6.8 Limitations;149
12.16;6.9 Discussion and Conclusion;151
13;7 Foundation and Development Support for Business Start-ups and Small Enterprises in Germany;154
13.1;7.1 Introduction;154
13.2;7.2 Financial Stages as Theoretical Framework;154
13.3;7.3 Shortages, Problems and Challenges of Business Start-ups and New Enterprises in the Financing Phases;158
13.4;7.3.1 Seed Stage;158
13.5;7.3.2 Start-up Stage;159
13.6;7.3.3 Expansion Stage;159
13.7;7.3.4 Summary;160
13.8;7.4 Methodology;161
13.9;7.5 Empirical Results;165
13.10;7.5.1 General Information;165
13.11;7.5.2 Support Activities;167
13.12;7.5.3 Organisational Network;182
13.13;7.6 Limitations;188
13.14;7.7 Discussion and Conclusion;189
14;8 Concluding Remarks;191
15;Appendix to Chapter 4;198
16;Appendix to Chapter 6;204
17;References;208mehr

Leseprobe

2 Fundamental Determinants of Entrepreneurial Behaviour (p. 5)

2.1 Introduction

According to Scase and Goffee (1980) the conventional thinking about how entrepreneurial ideas, intention and behaviour emanate in a society is so complex and individual that it lies beyond analysis. Being and becoming an entrepreneur was attributed to something almost inborn and inherited (Gibb & Ritchie, 1982).

It was argued that some psychological characteristics exist that are shared by entrepreneurs (Brockhaus, 1982) which illustrate a main research objective. A major stream in academic entrepreneurship research has been focussed on determining psychological characteristics that are associated with entrepreneurs and factors that encourage them to start a business (Rauch & Frese, 2007, Scherer et al., 1989).

It was further argued that this personality profile of entrepreneurs would differ from the one of the general population on factors as risk-taking propensity (e.g. Petrakis, 2005, Sexton & Bowman, 1983, McClelland, 1961, Welsh & White, 1981, Palmer, 1971, Timmons, 1978), locus of control orientation (e.g. Borland, 1975, Brockhaus & Nord, 1979) and achievement motivation (e.g. Sexton & Bowmann, 1983, Bowen & Hisrich, 1986, DeCarlo & Lyons, 1979).

In addition, a multitude of normative and descriptive studies attributed characteristics such as need for achievement (e.g. Liles 1974, Hornaday & Aboud 1971), need for power (e.g. Winter, 1973, Hartmann, 1959), desire for responsibility (Welsh & White, 1981, Sutton, 1995, Davids, 1963) to the entrepreneur. Carland et al. (1984) and Gartner (1988) have presented an excellent overview of identified characteristics (see table 1). Bearing in mind those numerous identified characteristics, it can be argued that this plethora on findings, that are even not stable when they are compared, impede or illustrate a major obstacle to find a common understanding of an entrepreneur and hence, for a common definition of the term entrepreneur itself.

A focus only on traits to describe an entrepreneur is likely to be almost useless in building a common knowledge (e.g. Sexton & Smilor 1985, Casrud et al., 1985, Gartner, 1988).

Well supported theoretical frameworks from different research areas and disciplines can be adapted to give support to the conceptual development of entrepreneurial studies. In this context, Scherer et al. (1989) point out that the use of behavioural and social psychology theories presents an opportunity to move entrepreneurship research from its rich descriptive history to more scientific goals of explanations and prediction (p. 17).

Consequently, the perspective on entrepreneurship research is drawn from the question what is an entrepreneur to the question what influences people to develop entrepreneurial behaviour (e.g. Carsrud & Johnson, 1989, Scherer et al, 1990) respectively what are the antecedents of entrepreneurial behaviour . Thus, factors have to be examined that lead to entrepreneurial activity.

The majority of research in entrepreneurship however has concentrated on entrepreneurs during their professional activities. Hence, research mainly starts with the decision to start a business or the foundation itself (e.g. Hisrich & O´Brien, 1981, Voigt & Brem, 2006, Renzulli et al., 2000, Hisrich & O`Brien, 1982, Rosa & Hamilton, 1994, Voigt et al., 2007, Man et al., 2008). The phase before the entrepreneurial behaviour has not attracted the same attention.

To predict and to influence people in their decision to become an entrepreneur, exactly the phase before the entrepreneurial behaviour takes place, offers essential insights for researcher and educators.mehr

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Scheiner, Christian Willi

Dr. Christian Willi Scheiner wrote his dissertation at the Chair of Industrial Management of Prof. Dr. Kai-Ingo Voigt at the Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.

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