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Coping with Demographic Change: A Comparative View on Education and Local Government in Germany and Poland

E-BookPDF1 - PDF WatermarkE-Book
281 Seiten
Englisch
Springer International Publishingerschienen am12.11.20142015
With many OECD countries experiencing a decline in their populations, this book offers a theoretical model of coping with demographic change and examines different strategies that societies have used to come to terms with demographic change. In particular, it details the different ways that Germany and Poland have tried to cope with this challenge and reveals three conflicting strategies: expansion, reduction, and phasing out.

Coverage includes:

·         How and why demographic change was used in Poland to expand the education system

·         The variance of linkage between demographic change and growth rates in different fields of education in a German Bundesland

·         Modes of reflexivity and personnel policy in German and Polish municipalities

·         Effects of demographic change and forms of coping on fiscal capacity and unemployment rates in German municipalities

Coping with Demographic Change examines how and why societies cope with these detrimental effects. It conceptualizes the challenges a society faces as a result of demographic change and focuses on the processes by which actors, organizations and nation-states try to cope with this new situation.mehr
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Produkt

KlappentextWith many OECD countries experiencing a decline in their populations, this book offers a theoretical model of coping with demographic change and examines different strategies that societies have used to come to terms with demographic change. In particular, it details the different ways that Germany and Poland have tried to cope with this challenge and reveals three conflicting strategies: expansion, reduction, and phasing out.

Coverage includes:

·         How and why demographic change was used in Poland to expand the education system

·         The variance of linkage between demographic change and growth rates in different fields of education in a German Bundesland

·         Modes of reflexivity and personnel policy in German and Polish municipalities

·         Effects of demographic change and forms of coping on fiscal capacity and unemployment rates in German municipalities

Coping with Demographic Change examines how and why societies cope with these detrimental effects. It conceptualizes the challenges a society faces as a result of demographic change and focuses on the processes by which actors, organizations and nation-states try to cope with this new situation.
Details
Weitere ISBN/GTIN9783319103013
ProduktartE-Book
EinbandartE-Book
FormatPDF
Format Hinweis1 - PDF Watermark
FormatE107
Erscheinungsjahr2014
Erscheinungsdatum12.11.2014
Auflage2015
ReiheEuropean Studies of Population
Reihen-Nr.19
Seiten281 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
IllustrationenVII, 281 p. 25 illus., 1 illus. in color.
Artikel-Nr.1545911
Rubriken
Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
1;Contents;6
2;Chapter-1;9
2.1;Introduction;9
2.2;References;14
3;Chapter-2;15
3.1;Demographic Change as a Challenge;15
3.1.1;2.1 Current Demographic Structure in Germany and Poland;17
3.1.2;2.2 Determinants of Lower Fertility Rates;19
3.1.3;2.3 Determinants of Mortality Decline;23
3.1.4;2.4 Determinants of Migration Patterns;24
3.1.4.1;2.4.1 Structural Components;25
3.1.4.2;2.4.2 Patterns of Migration in the Individual Life Course;26
3.1.4.3;2.4.3 Networks;27
3.1.4.4;2.4.4 Border Regimes;28
3.1.4.5;2.4.5 Hybrid Forms;29
3.1.5;References;30
4;Chapter-3;33
4.1;How Do Societies Cope with Complex Demographic Challenges? A Model;33
4.1.1;3.1 A Short Review;34
4.1.2;3.2 Demographic Ways of Coping with Demographic Change;38
4.1.3;3.3 Non-demographic Ways of Coping with Demographic Change;40
4.1.3.1;3.3.1 Problem Framing;40
4.1.3.2;3.3.2 Coping;44
4.1.3.3;3.3.3 Institution;49
4.1.3.3.1;3.3.3.1 Do Public Labour Markets Lack Flexibility?;52
4.1.3.3.2;3.3.3.2 Peculiarities of Public Sector Labour Markets: Professions and Civil Servants;53
4.1.3.3.3;3.3.3.3 Demographic Change and the Division of Labour;55
4.1.3.4;3.3.4 Mentalities;56
4.1.4;3.4 Short Summary;59
4.1.5;References;61
5;Chapter-4;66
5.1;Data Sets and Methods Used;66
5.1.1;4.1 Methodologies for Studying Coping with Demographic Change;66
5.1.2;4.2 The Data Sets Created and Used;67
5.1.3;4.3 Approach to Data Analysis;71
5.1.3.1;Electronic Supplementary Material;71
5.1.4;References;72
6;Chapter-5;73
6.1;Why do Municipalities Think in Demographic Terms? Governing by Population Numbers in Germany and Poland;73
6.1.1;5.1 Introduction;73
6.1.2;5.2 Is Demographic Change Relevant to Public Sector Organisations?;75
6.1.3;5.3 In-kind Calculation of Municipal Services Based on Population Numbers;79
6.1.3.1;5.3.1 Municipal Tasks and Territorial Reforms;80
6.1.3.2;5.3.2 In-kind Calculation of Human Resources;84
6.1.3.3;5.3.3 Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations;87
6.1.4;5.4 Demographic Responsiveness of Local Government Revenues in Germany and Poland;90
6.1.4.1;5.4.1 Empirical Strategy: Panel Analysis;91
6.1.4.2;5.4.2 Data Sources and Coverage;91
6.1.4.3;5.4.3 Operationalisation of Variables;92
6.1.4.4;5.4.4 Empirical Results;93
6.1.5;5.5 Conclusion;96
6.1.6;Electronic Supplementary Material;97
6.1.7;References;97
7;Chapter-6;101
7.1;Coping with Demographic Decline in German and Polish Municipalities;101
7.1.1;6.1 Introduction;101
7.1.2;6.2 Comparing Municipal Framing and Coping Strategies;103
7.1.3;6.3 Growth Frames and the Expansion of Public Services;104
7.1.3.1;6.3.1 Maintaining Skilled Employment ;105
7.1.3.2;6.3.2 Fertility Decline as an Opportunity for Task Expansion;107
7.1.3.3;6.3.3 Professionalising the Local Public Administration Workforce;108
7.1.4;6.4 Demographisation Frames and Reduction Strategies;110
7.1.4.1;6.4.1 An Incredible Loss of Residents ;111
7.1.4.2;6.4.2 Legitimate and Illegitimate Instruments of Staff Reduction;112
7.1.4.3;6.4.3 Reduction of Collective Working Hours: A Third Way?;115
7.1.5;6.5 Realistic Frames;116
7.1.6;6.6 Denial Frames;118
7.1.7;6.7 Reorganisation of Public Services Through Privatisation;122
7.1.8;6.8 Second-Order Problems of Personnel Downsizing in Internal Labour Markets;125
7.1.8.1;6.8.1 Rapidly Ageing Workforces;125
7.1.8.2;6.8.2 Mismatches of Demands and Available Staff;127
7.1.8.3;6.8.3 Skills Shortage as a Strategic Challenge;129
7.1.9;6.9 Conclusion;130
7.1.10;References;132
8;Chapter-7;137
8.1;Expansive Reaction to Demographic Change: The Case of the Polish Educational Sector;137
8.1.1;7.1 Inevitable Consequences of Demographic Change?;138
8.1.2;7.2 Forms of Expansion of the Polish Educational Sector at the Central and Local Government Level;141
8.1.2.1;7.2.1 Expansion Policies at the National Level;141
8.1.2.2;7.2.2 Expansion Policy at the Local Level;144
8.1.3;7.3 Consequences of Expansion Strategies;150
8.1.3.1;7.3.1 School Quality;150
8.1.3.2;7.3.2 Fiscal Stability;153
8.1.3.3;7.3.3 Teacher Labour Market;155
8.1.4;7.4 Concluding Remarks;159
8.1.5;References;162
9;Chapter-8;167
9.1;The Demographic Responsiveness of Education Demand and Supply at Different Levels of the Education System;167
9.1.1;8.1 Introduction;167
9.1.2;8.2 The Demographic Responsiveness of the Education System;169
9.1.3;8.3 Demographic Responsiveness of the Education System in Saxony-Anhalt;171
9.1.3.1;8.3.1 Early Childhood Education and Care;172
9.1.3.2;8.3.2 Primary and Secondary General Schools;174
9.1.3.3;8.3.3 Vocational Schools;179
9.1.3.4;8.3.4 Higher Education;182
9.1.3.5;8.3.5 Comparison Across the Levels of the Education System;185
9.1.4;8.4 Equal Access to Education and Economisation of Infrastructure;189
9.1.5;Electronic Supplementary Material;192
9.1.6;References;192
10;Chapter-9;197
10.1;Personnel Strategies of Public Sector Organisations in Response to a Declining Service Population. A Model and Empirical Evidence;197
10.1.1;9.1 Introduction;197
10.1.2;9.2 Theoretical Considerations;200
10.1.3;9.3 Personnel Policy in Polish Public Schools Facing Falling Enrolment;205
10.1.3.1;9.3.1 Personnel Policy Measures;205
10.1.3.1.1;9.3.1.1 Layoffs;205
10.1.3.1.2;9.3.1.2 Retirement;206
10.1.3.1.3;9.3.1.3 Multi-Subject Teachers;207
10.1.3.1.4;9.3.1.4 Fixed-Term Contracts;209
10.1.3.1.5;9.3.1.5 Overtime;210
10.1.3.1.6;9.3.1.6 Teacher Mobility Between Municipal Schools;212
10.1.3.2;9.3.2 Personnel Management Strategies;213
10.1.3.2.1;9.3.2.1 Retirement as a Strategic Response to the External Flexibility Problem;213
10.1.3.2.2;9.3.2.2 Multi-Subject Teachers and Municipal Internal Labour Markets as a Strategic Response to the Internal Flexibility Problem;215
10.1.3.2.3;9.3.2.3 Fixed-Term Contracts as a Strategic Response to the Problem of Uncertainty;219
10.1.4;9.4 Discussion;222
10.1.5;References;224
11;Chapter-10;228
11.1;Demographic Challenges and Mentalities: Modes of Reflexivity and Personnel Policy in German and Polish Municipalities;228
11.1.1;10.1 Introduction;228
11.1.2;10.2 Conceptual Considerations;229
11.1.3;10.3 Applied Methodology;235
11.1.3.1;10.3.1 Data Collection Design;235
11.1.3.2;10.3.2 Operationalisation;235
11.1.4;10.4 Empirical Results in a German-Polish Comparison;238
11.1.4.1;10.4.1 Descriptive Analyses of the Individual Items;238
11.1.4.2;10.4.2 Construction of indices and first-time application of the LACONI;241
11.1.4.3;10.4.3 How Reliable is the LACONI?;245
11.1.4.4;10.4.4 Statistical Associations Between Demography and the Modes of Collective Reflexivity;247
11.1.5;10.5 Conclusion;250
11.1.6;Electronic Supplementary Material;252
11.1.7;References;252
12;Chapter-11;255
12.1;The Consequences of Coping with Demographic Change for Fiscal Capacity of and Unemployment in German Municipalities;255
12.1.1;11.1 Introduction: Does Local Population Policy Matter?;255
12.1.2;11.2 Theoretical Concept: The Model of Frame Selection (MFS);258
12.1.2.1;11.2.1 Frame Selection and the Definition of the Situation;258
12.1.2.2;11.2.2 Script Selection;260
12.1.2.3;11.2.3 Selection of Action;263
12.1.3;11.3 Methodology;266
12.1.3.1;11.3.1 Study Design;266
12.1.3.2;11.3.2 Explanandum;268
12.1.3.3;11.3.3 Hypotheses Formulation and Testing Methods;269
12.1.3.4;11.3.4 Explanatory Models and Operationalisation;271
12.1.4;11.4 Empirical Results;273
12.1.4.1;11.4.1 Local Fiscal Capacity;273
12.1.4.2;11.4.2 Local Labour Market;276
12.1.5;11.5 Conclusion;279
12.1.6;References;280mehr

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