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Physics I For Dummies

E-BookEPUB2 - DRM Adobe / EPUBE-Book
400 Seiten
Englisch
John Wiley & Sonserschienen am08.03.20223. Auflage
An easy-to-follow guide to introductory physics, from the Big Bang to relativity
All science, technology, engineering, and math majors in college and university require some familiarity with physics. Other career paths, like medicine, are also only open to students who understand this fundamental science. But don't worry if you find physics to be intimidating or confusing. You just need the right guide!
In Physics I For Dummies, you'll find a roadmap to physics success that walks you through every major topic in introductory physics, including motion, energy, waves, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, relativity, and more. You'll learn the basic principles and math formulas of physics through clear and straightforward examples and instruction, and without unnecessary jargon or complicated theory.
In this book, you'll also find: Up-to-date examples and explanations appearing alongside the latest discoveries and research in physics, discussed at a level appropriate for beginning students
All the info found in an intro physics course, arranged in an intuitive sequence that will give first-year students a head start in their high school or college physics class
The latest teaching techniques to ensure that you remember and retain what you read and practice in the book

Physics I For Dummies is proof that physics can fun, accessible, challenging, and rewarding, all at the same time! Whether you're a high school or undergraduate student looking for a leg-up on basic physics concepts or you're just interested in how our universe works, this book will help you understand the thermodynamic, electromagnetic, relativistic, and everything in between.


Dr. Steven Holzner has written more than 40 books about physics and programming. He was a contributing editor at PC Magazine and was on the faculty at both MIT and Cornell. He has authored Dummies titles including Physics For Dummies and Physics Essentials For Dummies. Dr. Holzner received his PhD at Cornell.mehr
Verfügbare Formate
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E-BookPDF2 - DRM Adobe / Adobe Ebook ReaderE-Book
EUR17,99
E-BookEPUB2 - DRM Adobe / EPUBE-Book
EUR17,99

Produkt

KlappentextAn easy-to-follow guide to introductory physics, from the Big Bang to relativity
All science, technology, engineering, and math majors in college and university require some familiarity with physics. Other career paths, like medicine, are also only open to students who understand this fundamental science. But don't worry if you find physics to be intimidating or confusing. You just need the right guide!
In Physics I For Dummies, you'll find a roadmap to physics success that walks you through every major topic in introductory physics, including motion, energy, waves, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, relativity, and more. You'll learn the basic principles and math formulas of physics through clear and straightforward examples and instruction, and without unnecessary jargon or complicated theory.
In this book, you'll also find: Up-to-date examples and explanations appearing alongside the latest discoveries and research in physics, discussed at a level appropriate for beginning students
All the info found in an intro physics course, arranged in an intuitive sequence that will give first-year students a head start in their high school or college physics class
The latest teaching techniques to ensure that you remember and retain what you read and practice in the book

Physics I For Dummies is proof that physics can fun, accessible, challenging, and rewarding, all at the same time! Whether you're a high school or undergraduate student looking for a leg-up on basic physics concepts or you're just interested in how our universe works, this book will help you understand the thermodynamic, electromagnetic, relativistic, and everything in between.


Dr. Steven Holzner has written more than 40 books about physics and programming. He was a contributing editor at PC Magazine and was on the faculty at both MIT and Cornell. He has authored Dummies titles including Physics For Dummies and Physics Essentials For Dummies. Dr. Holzner received his PhD at Cornell.
Details
Weitere ISBN/GTIN9781119872245
ProduktartE-Book
EinbandartE-Book
FormatEPUB
Format Hinweis2 - DRM Adobe / EPUB
FormatFormat mit automatischem Seitenumbruch (reflowable)
Erscheinungsjahr2022
Erscheinungsdatum08.03.2022
Auflage3. Auflage
Seiten400 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
Dateigrösse6110 Kbytes
Artikel-Nr.8995105
Rubriken
Genre9201

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
Introduction 1

Part 1: Putting Physics into Motion 5

Chapter 1: Using Physics to Understand Your World 7

Chapter 2: Reviewing Physics Measurement and Math Fundamentals 15

Chapter 3: Exploring the Need for Speed 29

Chapter 4: Following Directions: Motion in Two Dimensions 53

Part 2: May the Forces of Physics Be with You 79

Chapter 5: When Push Comes to Shove: Force 81

Chapter 6: Getting Down with Gravity, Inclined Planes, and Friction 101

Chapter 7: Circling Around Rotational Motion and Orbits 119

Chapter 8: Go with the Flow: Looking at Pressure in Fluids 141

Part 3: Manifesting the Energy to Work 165

Chapter 9: Getting Some Work Out of Physics 167

Chapter 10: Putting Objects in Motion: Momentum and Impulse 191

Chapter 11: Winding Up with Angular Kinetics 211

Chapter 12: Round and Round with Rotational Dynamics 237

Chapter 13: Springs 'n' Things: Simple Harmonic Motion 255

Part 4: Laying Down the Laws of Thermodynamics 273

Chapter 14: Turning Up the Heat with Thermodynamics 275

Chapter 15: Here, Take My Coat: How Heat Is Transferred 291

Chapter 16: In the Best of All Possible Worlds: The Ideal Gas Law 307

Chapter 17: Heat and Work: The Laws of Thermodynamics 319

Part 5: The Part of Tens 349

Chapter 18: Ten Physics Heroes 351

Chapter 19: Ten Wild Physics Theories 357

Glossary 365

Index 369



ntroduction 1

Part 1: Putting Physics into Motion 5

Chapter 1: Using Physics to Understand Your World 7

Chapter 2: Reviewing Physics Measurement and Math Fundamentals 15

Chapter 3: Exploring the Need for Speed 29

Chapter 4: Following Directions: Motion in Two Dimensions 53

Part 2: May the Forces of Physics Be with You 79

Chapter 5: When Push Comes to Shove: Force 81

Chapter 6: Getting Down with Gravity, Inclined Planes, and Friction 101

Chapter 7: Circling Around Rotational Motion and Orbits 119

Chapter 8: Go with the Flow: Looking at Pressure in Fluids 141

Part 3: Manifesting the Energy to Work 165

Chapter 9: Getting Some Work Out of Physics 167

Chapter 10: Putting Objects in Motion: Momentum and Impulse 191

Chapter 11: Winding Up with Angular Kinetics 211

Chapter 12: Round and Round with Rotational Dynamics 237

Chapter 13: Springs 'n' Things: Simple Harmonic Motion 255

Part 4: Laying Down the Laws of Thermodynamics 273

Chapter 14: Turning Up the Heat with Thermodynamics 275

Chapter 15: Here, Take My Coat: How Heat Is Transferred 291

Chapter 16: In the Best of All Possible Worlds: The Ideal Gas Law 307

Chapter 17: Heat and Work: The Laws of Thermodynamics 319

Part 5: The Part of Tens 349

Chapter 18: Ten Physics Heroes 351

Chapter 19: Ten Wild Physics Theories 357

Glossary 365

Index 369mehr
Leseprobe


Chapter 1
Using Physics to Understand Your World

IN THIS CHAPTER

Recognizing the physics in your world

Understanding motion

Handling the force and energy around you

Getting hot under the collar with thermodynamics

Physics is the study of the world and universe around you. Luckily, the behavior of the matter and energy - the stuff of this universe - is not completely unruly. Instead, it strictly obeys laws, which physicists are gradually revealing through the careful application of the scientific method, which relies on experimental evidence and sound rigorous reasoning. In this way, physicists have been uncovering more and more of the beauty that lies at the heart of the workings of the universe, from the infinitely small to the mind-bogglingly large.

Physics is an all-encompassing science. You can study various aspects of the natural world (in fact, the word physics is derived from the Greek word physika, which means natural things ), and accordingly, you can study different fields in physics: the physics of objects in motion, of energy, of forces, of gases, of heat and temperature, and so on. You enjoy the study of all these topics and many more in this book. In this chapter, we give an overview of physics - what it is, what it deals with, and why mathematical calculations are important to it - to get you started.
What Physics Is All About

Many people are a little on edge when they think about physics. For them, the subject seems like some highbrow topic that pulls numbers and rules out of thin air. But the truth is that physics exists to help you make sense of the world. Physics is a human adventure, undertaken on behalf of everyone, into the way the world works.

At its root, physics is all about becoming aware of your world and using mental and mathematical models to explain it. The gist of physics is this: You start by making an observation, you create a model to simulate that situation, and then you add some math to fill it out - and voilà! You have the power to predict what will happen in the real world. All this math exists to help you see what happens and why.

In this section, we explain how real-world observations fit in with the math. The later sections take you on a brief tour of the key topics that comprise basic physics.
Observing the world

You can observe plenty going on around you in your complex world. Leaves are waving, the sun is shining, light bulbs are glowing, cars are moving, computer printers are printing, people are walking and riding bikes, streams are flowing, and so on. When you stop to examine these actions, your natural curiosity gives rise to endless questions such as these
Why do I slip when I try to climb that snowbank?
How distant are other stars, and how long would it take to get there?
How does an airplane wing work?
How can a thermos flask keep hot things warm and keep cold things cool?
Why does an enormous cruise ship float when a paper clip sinks?
Why does water roll around when it boils?

Any law of physics comes from very close observation of the world, and any theory that a physicist comes up with has to stand up to experimental measurements. Physics goes beyond qualitative statements about physical things - If I push the child on the swing harder, then she swings higher, for example. With the laws of physics, you can predict precisely how high the child will swing.
Making predictions

Physics is simply about modeling the world (although an alternative viewpoint claims that physics actually uncovers the truth about the workings of the world; it doesn t just model it). You can use these mental models to describe how the world works: how blocks slide down ramps, how stars form and shine, how black holes trap light so it can t escape, what happens when cars collide, and so on.

When these models are first created, they sometimes have little to do with numbers; they just cover the gist of the situation. For example, a star is made up of this layer and then that layer, and as a result, this reaction takes place, followed by that one. And pow! - you have a star. As time goes on, those models become more numeric, which is where physics students sometimes start having problems. Physics class would be a cinch if you could simply say, That cart is going to roll down that hill, and as it gets toward the bottom, it s going to roll faster and faster. But the story is more involved than that - not only can you say that the cart is going to go faster, but in exerting your mastery over the physical world, you can also say how much faster it ll go.

There s a delicate interplay between theory, formulated with math, and experimental measurements. Often experimental measurements not only verify theories but also suggest ideas for new theories, which in turn suggest new experiments. Both feed off each other and lead to further discovery.

Many people approaching this subject may think of math as something tedious and overly abstract. However, in the context of physics, math comes to life. A quadratic equation may seem a little dry, but when you re using it to work out the correct angle to fire a rocket at for the perfect trajectory, you may find it more palatable! Chapter 2 explains all the math you need to know to perform basic physics calculations.
Reaping the rewards

So what are you going to get out of physics? If you want to pursue a career in physics or in an allied field such as engineering, the answer is clear: You ll need this knowledge on an everyday basis. But even if you re not planning to embark on a physics-related career, you can get a lot out of studying the subject. You can apply much of what you discover in an introductory physics course to real life:
In a sense, all other sciences are based upon physics. For example, the structure and electrical properties of atoms determine chemical reactions; therefore, all of chemistry is governed by the laws of physics. In fact, you could argue that everything ultimately boils down to the laws of physics!
Physics does deal with some pretty cool phenomena. Many videos of physical phenomena have gone viral on YouTube; take a look for yourself. Do a search for non-Newtonian fluid, and you can watch the creeping, oozing dance of a cornstarch/water mixture on a speaker cone.
More important than the applications of physics are the problem-solving skills it arms you with for approaching any kind of problem. Physics problems train you to stand back, consider your options for attacking the issue, select your method, and then solve the problem in the easiest way possible.
Observing Objects in Motion

Some of the most fundamental questions you may have about the world deal with objects in motion. Will that boulder rolling toward you slow down? How fast do you have to move to get out of its way? (Grab your calculator⦠.) Motion was one of the earliest explorations of physics.

When you take a look around, you see that the motion of objects changes all the time. You see a motorcycle coming to a halt at a stop sign. You see a leaf falling and then stopping when it hits the ground, only to be picked up again by the wind. You see a pool ball hitting other balls in just the wrong way so that they all move without going where they should. Part 1 of this book handles objects in motion - from balls to railroad cars and most objects in between. In this section, we introduce motion in a straight line, rotational motion, and the cyclical motion of springs and pendulums.
Measuring speed, direction, velocity, and acceleration

Speeds are big with physicists - how fast is an object going? Thirty-five miles per hour not enough? How about 3,500? No problem when you re dealing with physics. Besides speed, the direction an object is going is important if you want to describe its motion. If the home team is carrying a football down the field, you want to make sure that they re going in the right direction.

When you put speed and direction together, you get a vector - the velocity vector. Vectors are a very useful kind of quantity. Anything that has both size and direction is best described with a vector. Vectors are often represented as arrows, where the length of the arrow tells you the magnitude (size), and the direction of the arrow tells you the direction. For a velocity vector, the length corresponds to the speed of the object, and the arrow points in the direction the object is moving. (To find out how to use vectors, head to Chapter 4.)

Everything has a velocity, so velocity is great for describing the world around you. Even if an object is at rest with respect to the ground, it s still on the Earth, which itself has a velocity. (And if everything has a velocity, it s no wonder physicists keep getting grant money - somebody has to measure all that motion.)

If you ve ever ridden in a car, you know that velocity isn t the end of the story. Cars don t start off at 60 miles per hour; they have to accelerate until they get to that speed. Like velocity, acceleration has not only a magnitude but also a direction, so acceleration is a vector in physics as well. We cover speed, velocity, and acceleration in Chapter...
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