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Recent Advances in Qualitative Physics

BuchGebunden
470 Seiten
Englisch
MIT Presserschienen am15.10.1992
These twenty-eight contributions report advances in one of the most active research areas in artificial intellgence. Qualitative modeling techniques are an essential part of building second generation knowledge-based systems. This book provides a timely overview of the field while also giving some indications about applications that appear to be feasible now or in the near future. Chapters are organized into sections covering modeling and simulation, ontologies, computational issues, and qualitative analysis. Modeling a physical system in order to simulate it or solve particular problems regarding the system is an important motivation of qualitative physics, involving formal procedures and concepts. The chapters in the section on modeling address the problem of how to set up and structure qualitative models, particularly for use in simulation. Ontology, or the science of being, is the basis for all modeling. Accordingly, chapters on ontologies discuss problems fundamental for finding representational formalism and inference mechanisms appropriate for different aspects of reasoning about physical systems. Computational issues arising from attempts to turn qualitative theories into practical software are then taken up. In addition to simulation and modeling, qualitative physics can be used to solve particular problems dealing with physical systems, and the concluding chapters present techniques for tasks ranging from the analysis of behavior to conceptual design.mehr

Produkt

KlappentextThese twenty-eight contributions report advances in one of the most active research areas in artificial intellgence. Qualitative modeling techniques are an essential part of building second generation knowledge-based systems. This book provides a timely overview of the field while also giving some indications about applications that appear to be feasible now or in the near future. Chapters are organized into sections covering modeling and simulation, ontologies, computational issues, and qualitative analysis. Modeling a physical system in order to simulate it or solve particular problems regarding the system is an important motivation of qualitative physics, involving formal procedures and concepts. The chapters in the section on modeling address the problem of how to set up and structure qualitative models, particularly for use in simulation. Ontology, or the science of being, is the basis for all modeling. Accordingly, chapters on ontologies discuss problems fundamental for finding representational formalism and inference mechanisms appropriate for different aspects of reasoning about physical systems. Computational issues arising from attempts to turn qualitative theories into practical software are then taken up. In addition to simulation and modeling, qualitative physics can be used to solve particular problems dealing with physical systems, and the concluding chapters present techniques for tasks ranging from the analysis of behavior to conceptual design.
Details
ISBN/GTIN978-0-262-06142-1
ProduktartBuch
EinbandartGebunden
Verlag
Erscheinungsjahr1992
Erscheinungsdatum15.10.1992
ReiheArtificial Intelligence
Seiten470 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
MasseBreite 161 mm, Höhe 236 mm, Dicke 35 mm
Gewicht816 g
Artikel-Nr.13601820

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
Part 1 Modelling: qualitative-numeric simulation with Q3, Daniel Berleant and Benjamin Kuipers; QPC - a compiler from physical models into qualitative differential equations, James Crawford, et al; compositional modelling of physical systems, Brian Falkenhainer and Kenneth D. Forbus; self-explanatory simulations - integrating qualitative and quantitative knowledge, Kenneth D. Forbus and Brian Falkenhainer; reasoning with multiple abstraction models, Yumi Iwassaki; combining qualitative simulation and fuzzy sets, Qiang Shen and Roy Leitch; query-directed approximation, Daniel S. Weld and Sanjaya Addanki. Part 2 Ontologies: chaos, qualitative reasoning, and the predictability problem, Bernardo A. Huberman and Peter Struss; qualitative kinematics of linkages, Hyun-Kyung Kim; integrating two ontologies for electronics, Zheng-Yang Liu; qualitative change waves - the automatic detection of highway traffic incidents, Pierre Y. Van Nypelseer; naive topology - modelling the force pump, D.A. Randell, et al; qualitative vector algebra, Jerry B. Weinberg, et al. Part 3 Computational issues: reasoning about qualitative temporal information, Peter van Beek; sensor selection in complex system monitoring using information quantification and causal reasoning, Richard J. Doyle, et al; pushing the edge of the (QP) envelope, Kenneth D. Forbus; an assessment of current qualitative simulation techniques, Pierre Fouche and Benjamin Kuipers; an architecture for real-time qualitative reasoning, Thomas P. Hamilton; compiling devices - locality in a TMS, Johan de Kleer. Part 4 Qualitative analysis and design: comparative analysis and qualitative integral representations, Charles Chiu and Benjamin Kuipers; a qualitative teleological approach to cardiovascular physiology, Keith L. Downing; TEPS: thought experiments and qualitative physics problem solving, David L. Hibler and Gautam Biswas; obtaining quantitative estimates from monotone relationships, Joseph Hellerstein; qualitative reasoning in conceptual design with physical features, Takashi Kiriyama, et al; qualitative reasoning about a large system using dimensional analysis, Anil Nigam and R. Bhaskar; finding stable causal interpretations of equations, Gordon Skorstad; interaction-based invention - designing novel devices from first principles, Brian C. Williams; analytic abduction from qualitative simulation, Colin P. Williams.mehr