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Also a History of Philosophy, Volume 2

The Occidental Constellation of Faith and Knowledge
BuchGebunden
628 Seiten
Englisch
John Wiley and Sons Ltderscheint am27.09.2024
In this second volume of his groundbreaking new work on the history of philosophy, Jürgen Habermas traces the development of Western thought from the reception of Platonism by early Christian thought, through the revolution in medieval philosophy and theology triggered by the rediscovery of Aristotle´s works, up to the decoupling of philosophical and theological thought in nominalism and the Reformation that ushered in the postmetaphysical thinking of the modern age. In contrast to conventional histories that focus on movements and schools, Habermas takes the dialectic of faith and knowledge as a guiding thread for analysing key developments in the thought of major figures such as Augustine, Aquinas, Scotus, Ockham and Luther that constitute milestones in the genealogy of postmetaphysical thinking. A distinctive feature of Habermas´ approach is the prominence he accords practical philosophy, and in particular legal and political ideas, and the corresponding attention he pays to social, institutional and political history, especially as these bear on the relationship between church and state. As a result, the central preoccupations of Christian thought are shown to be original responses to questions raised by the Christian worldview that exploded the framework of Greek metaphysical thinking and remain crucial for the self-understanding of contemporary philosophy. Far from raising claims to exclusivity, completeness or closure, Habermas´s history of philosophy, published in English in three volumes, opens up new lines of research and reflection that will influence the humanities and social sciences for decades to come.mehr

Produkt

KlappentextIn this second volume of his groundbreaking new work on the history of philosophy, Jürgen Habermas traces the development of Western thought from the reception of Platonism by early Christian thought, through the revolution in medieval philosophy and theology triggered by the rediscovery of Aristotle´s works, up to the decoupling of philosophical and theological thought in nominalism and the Reformation that ushered in the postmetaphysical thinking of the modern age. In contrast to conventional histories that focus on movements and schools, Habermas takes the dialectic of faith and knowledge as a guiding thread for analysing key developments in the thought of major figures such as Augustine, Aquinas, Scotus, Ockham and Luther that constitute milestones in the genealogy of postmetaphysical thinking. A distinctive feature of Habermas´ approach is the prominence he accords practical philosophy, and in particular legal and political ideas, and the corresponding attention he pays to social, institutional and political history, especially as these bear on the relationship between church and state. As a result, the central preoccupations of Christian thought are shown to be original responses to questions raised by the Christian worldview that exploded the framework of Greek metaphysical thinking and remain crucial for the self-understanding of contemporary philosophy. Far from raising claims to exclusivity, completeness or closure, Habermas´s history of philosophy, published in English in three volumes, opens up new lines of research and reflection that will influence the humanities and social sciences for decades to come.
Details
ISBN/GTIN978-1-5095-4517-9
ProduktartBuch
EinbandartGebunden
Erscheinungsjahr2024
Erscheinungsdatum27.09.2024
Seiten628 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
Artikel-Nr.61448245

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
AbbreviationsIV. THE SYMBIOSIS OF FAITH AND KNOWLEDGE IN CHRISTIAN PLATONISM AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH1. Early Christianity: The Proclaiming and the Proclaimed Jesus(1) The relationship of the early Christians to Judaism(2) Jesus: self-image and teaching(3) The Pauline interpretation of Christianity2. The Encounter of Christianity with Hellenism in the Graeco-Roman Environment of the Empire(1) The spread of Christian congregations and worship(2) The Roman Empire - the political and social environment(3) In the field of tension between philosophical and religiousteachings(4) Hellenization of Christianity?3. Plotinus and Augustine: The Christian Transformation ofPlatonism(1) The foundation of absolute idealism: the concept of the One(2) Christianity as the better philosophy: faith and knowledge(3) The sinful will, experienced time and performative knowledge4. Augustine and the Church between Institution of Salvation andSecular Power(1) The position of the state church in the Roman Empire(2) World history and process of salvationV. CHRISTIAN EUROPE: PROGRESSIVE DIFFERENTIATION OF SACERDOTIUM ANDREGNUM, FAITH AND KNOWLEDGE1. Church, Society and State in Christian Europe´(1) The Church as a formative force in early medieval Europe(2) Christian reform movements, the Gregorian reform and thedifferentiation of imperial and papal authority2. The Challenges posed by Aristotle for Thirteenth-CenturyTheology(1) The delayed Christian reception of Aristotle in the HighMiddle Ages(2) The revolutionary conception of science of the PosteriorAnalytics´(3) The god of the philosophers and the god of Abraham(4) The decoupling of practical reason from theoretical reason3. The Answers of Thomas Aquinas(1) The theological appropriation of Aristotelian basic concepts(2) The modes of belief and knowledge(3) Theology as a science4. Ontologization of Aristotelian Ethics and Reconstruction ofPractical Philosophy(1) From the theory of action to guidance of the will by practicalreason(2) Ethics and the highest good´(3) Sublation of politics´ in the philosophy of the social(4) Treatise on Law´ and philosophy of lawVI. THE VIA MODERNA: PHILOSOPHICAL ORIENTATIONS FOR SCIENTIFIC,RELIGIOUS AND SOCIO-POLITICAL MODERNITY1. Ushering in a Paradigm Shift: Duns Scotus(1) Rejection of the metaphysical concept of God - critique of theanalogia entis(2) The transcendental-semantic turn of ontology(3) God´s omnipotence, contingency of nature and empiricalknowledge(4) Freedom as self-commitment to the absolutely binding law2. William of Ockham: The Janus Face of the NominalistRevolution´(1) Critique of Duns Scotus and the limits of natural reason(2) Discussion of numerical and personal identity(3) Preparation of the mentalist turn(4) The revolutionary political writings: poverty controversy andchurch constitution3. The Functional Differentiation of Law and Politics and a NewForm of Social Integration(1) Differentiation of state and capitalist economy in NorthernItaly(2) Marsilius of Padua on the relationship between church andstate(3) Legal codification of politics and depersonalization of rule4. A Functionalist Theory of State Power (Niccoló Machiavelli) andNew Legitimation Problems (Francisco de Vitoria)(1) Abstract power and the conditions of its stabilization(2) Politicization of natural law (Peasants´ War) and founding ofEuropean international law (in the course of the colonizationof heathen peoples´)VII. THE SEPARATION OF FAITH AND KNOWLEDGE: PROTESTANTISM ANDPHILOSOPHY OF THE SUBJECT1. Luther´s Break with Tradition and the Transformation of Theology(1) The indulgences controversy and the doctrine of justification(2) Sola fide and the transformation of theology(3) The doctrine of the sacraments and the semanticization of thesacred event(4) The dispute with Erasmus and Luther´s conception of freedom2. Theological, Social and Political Orientations for Modern RationalLaw(1) Luther on law, church and state, freedom of religion and theright of resistance(2) Calvinist doctrines of the right of political resistance(3) Excursus on thinking in terms of natural law3. The Context of the Rational Natural Law: Socio-Historical Dynamics and Scientific Development(1) Trends towards the juridification of political rule(2) From theology to natural science: Francis Bacon(3) Descartes and Pascal4. The Paradigm Shift to Philosophy of the Subject and the ResultingProblem of the Justification of Binding Norms(1) Thomas Hobbes(2) Benedict de Spinoza(3) John LockeSecond Intermediate Reflection: The Caesura of the Separation ofFaith and KnowledgeNotesBibliographyOverview: Volumes 1-3Indexmehr

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