Chapter 1 - Disorder of digestion and metabolism in dairy cattle: the case of subacute rumen acidosis: Gregory B. Penner, University of Saskatchewan, Canada; 1 Introduction 2 Prevalence, aetiology, and biological consequences of ruminal acidosis 3 Regulation of ruminal pH 4 The dogma of ruminal acidosis 5 Case study: SARA risk in the post-partum phase of the transition period 6 Other examples of SARA risk induced by low feed intake 7 Conclusion and future trends 8 Where to look for further information 9 References Chapter 2 - Factors influencing the efficiency of rumen energy metabolism: Emilio M. Ungerfeld, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Chile; and Timothy J. Hackmann, University of California-Davis, USA; 1 Introduction 2 Main pathways of rumen fermentation 3 Methane 4 Factors influencing the efficiency of microbial growth 5 Interactions between rumen energy and nitrogen metabolism 6 Conclusion and future trends 7 Where to look for further information 8 References Chapter 3 - Advances in dairy cattle breeding to incorporate feed conversion efficiency in national genetic evaluations: Mike Coffey, Scotland´s Rural College (SRUC), UK; 1 Introduction 2 The importance of feed efficiency as a target for breeding 3 Recording feed intake 4 Pooling genetic data on feed intake 5 Establishing genomic breeding values for feed efficiency 6 Future trends 7 Conclusion 8 Where to look for further information 9 References Chapter 4 - The use of feedlot/cereal grains in improving feed efficiency and reducing by-products such as methane in ruminants: Kristin Hales, US Meat Animal Research Center - USDA-ARS, USA; Jeferson Lourenco, Darren S. Seidel, Osman Yasir Koyun, Dylan Davis and Christina Welch, University of Georgia, USA; James E. Wells, US Meat Animal Research Center - USDA-ARS, USA; and Todd R. Callaway, University of Georgia, USA; 1 Introduction 2 Types of cereal grains fed to cattle 3 Cereal grain production 4 Dietary factors affecting methane production by ruminants 5 The role of starch and forage in methane formation 6 H2 sinks in the rumen and methane production 7 Using cereal grains to improve feed efficiency and reduce methane production 8 Microbiology of cereal grain fermentation 9 Bacteria and archaea involved in fermentation 10 Feed retention time 11 Acidosis and other negative feed effects 12 Summary 13 Where to look for further information 14 Referencesmehr

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Penner, Gregory B.Ungerfeld, EmilioHackmann, Timothy J.

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