Produkt

KlappentextEvery medical specialty has as its basis a core of classic papers which both reflects the historical background and gives insight into its present and future developments. The selected papers in this volume highlight landmarks in the development of critical care medicine. Internationally acclaimed experts have chosen what they consider to be the most important papers in their respective subspecialties. Each entry follows a set format, starting with the abstract and the reference to the original source of publication. This is followed by analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the paper and the contribution it has made to the development of critical care. Additional information including citation score of each paper is given together with detailed analysis of the top 500 most widely cited papers.

Details

Weitere ISBN/GTIN9781848001459

ProduktartE-Book

EinbandartE-Book

FormatPDF

Format Hinweis1 - PDF Watermark

FormatE107

Verlag

Springer London

Erscheinungsjahr2010

Erscheinungsdatum11.03.2010

Auflage2nd ed. 2008

Seiten605 Seiten

SpracheEnglisch

IllustrationenXIII, 605 p.

Artikel-Nr.1443195

Rubriken

Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Acknowledgments;6
3;Contents;7
4;Contributors;9
5;Ventilation;12
5.1;A preliminary report on the 1952 poliomyelitis epidemic in Copenhagen with special reference to the treatment of acute respiratory insufficiency;14
5.2;Experimental pulmonary edema due to intermittent positive pressure ventilation with high inflation pressures: protection by positive end- expiratory pressure;17
5.3;Optimum end- expiratory airway pressure in patients with acute pulmonary failure;19
5.4;Occult positive end-expiratory pressure in mechanically ventilated patients with airflow obstruction: the auto- PEEP effect;21
5.5;Pressure-volume curve of total respiratory system in acute respiratory failure: computed tomographic scan study;24
5.6;High inflation pressure pulmonary edema: respective effects of high airway pressure, high tidal volume, and positive end- expiratory pressure;26
5.7;Low mortality associated with low volume pressure limited ventilation with permissive hypercapnia in severe adult respiratory distress syndrome;28
5.8;A prospective study of indexes predicting the outcome of trials of weaning from mechanical ventilation;30
5.9;Mechanical ventilation: American College of Chest Physicians´ Consensus Conference;32
5.10;Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;34
5.11;Injurious ventilatory strategies increase cytokines and c-fos m- RNA expression in an isolated rat lung model;36
5.12;Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome;39
6;Lung injury;41
6.1;Interleukin-8 and development of adult respiratory distress syndrome in at- risk patient groups;42
6.2;Inhaled nitric oxide for the adult respiratory distress syndrome;45
6.3;Report of the American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS: definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes and clinical trial coordination;48
6.4;Randomized clinical trial of pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation and extracorporeal CO2 removal for adult respiratory distress syndrome;50
6.5;Improved survival of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS): 1983- 1993;52
6.6;Effect of prolonged methylprednisolone therapy in unresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial;55
6.7;Aerosolized surfactant in adults with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome;57
6.8;Relationships between lung computed tomographic density, gas exchange and PEEP in acute respiratory failure;60
6.9;Prone position in mechanically ventilated patients with severe acute respiratory failure;63
6.10;Acute respiratory distress in adults;66
7;The Heart;68
7.1;Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus ( on the movement of the heart and blood in animals);70
7.2;Uber die Messung des Blutquantums in den Hertzventrikeln;73
7.3;Simultaneous determination of the greater and lesser circulation time, of the mean velocity of blood flow through the heart and lungs, of the cardiac output and an approximation of the amount of blood actively circulating in the heart and lungs;75
7.4;Physiological studies of the effects of intermittent positive pressure breathing on cardiac output in man;77
7.5;Ventricular function: Starling´s law of the heart studied by means of simultaneous right and left ventricular function curves in dog;80
7.6;Effects of Valsalva´s manoeuvre on the normal and failing circulation;83
7.7;The influence of atrial pressure on cardiac performance following myocardial infarction complicated by shock;85
7.8;Effect of isoproterenol, l-norepinephrine and intra-aortic counterpulsation on haemodynamics and myocardial metab-olism in shock following acute myocardial infarction;87
7.9;Respiratory muscle fatigue during cardiogenic shock;90
7.10;Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high risk patients;92
8;Severe traumatic brain injury;96
8.1;Concerning a definite regulatory mechanism of the vasomotor centre which controls blood pressure during cerebral compression;98
8.2;Continuous recording of the ventricular fluid pressure in patients with severe acute traumatic brain injury: a preliminary report;100
8.3;Computerized axial tomography of the head: the EMI-scanner, a new device for direct examination of the brain in vivo´;102
8.4;Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: a practical scale;105
8.5;The role of secondary brain injury in determining outcome from severe head injury;107
8.6;Factors affecting excitatory amino acid release following severe human head injury;109
8.7;Increases in Bcl-2 and cleavage of caspase-1 and caspase-3 in human brain after head injury;113
8.8;Traumatic acute subdural hematoma;117
8.9;Adverse effects of prolonged hyperventilation in patients with severe head injury: a randomized clinical trial;120
8.10;Prevention of secondary ischemic insults after severe head injury;124
9;The gut and its role in circulatory shock;127
9.1;The intestinal factor in irreversible hemorrhagic shock;128
9.2;The bacterial factor in traumatic shock;130
9.3;Effect of hemorrhagic shock on the reactivity of resistance and capacitance vessels and on capillary filtration transfer in cat skeletal muscle;132
9.4; Hidden acidosis´ in experimental shock;134
9.5;Intestinal mucosal lesion in low-flow states. A morphological, hemodynamic, and metabolic reappraisal;136
9.6;Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock;138
9.7;Superoxide radicals in feline intestinal ischemia;140
9.8;Adequacy of tissue oxygenation in intact dog intestine;142
9.9;A circulating myocardial depressant substance in humans with septic shock: septic shock patients with a reduced ejection fraction have a circulating factor that depresses in vitro myocardial cell performance;144
9.10;Increased intestinal permeability in endotoxic pigs: mesenteric hypoperfusion as an etiologic factor;147
10;Renal support;149
10.1;Crush injuries with impairment of renal function;152
10.2;Studies of the antidiuresis of quiet standing: the importance of changes in plasma volume and glomerular filtration rate;154
10.3;Aspirin-induced depression of renal function;156
10.4;Adenosine production in the ischemic kidney;158
10.5;Management of anuric intensive-care patients with arteriovenous hemofiltration;160
10.6;Selective vulnerability of the medullary thick ascending limb to anoxia in the isolated perfused rat kidney;162
10.7;Biocompatible membranes in acute renal failure: prospective case- controlled study;164
10.8;Acute renal failure: a multivariate analysis of causes and risk factors;166
10.9;The effect of acute renal failure on mortality: a cohort analysis;169
10.10;Low dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo- controlled randomised trial;171
11;The liver in critical illness;176
11.1;Whenever in fevers jaundice supervenes before seven days, this is bad;178
11.2;Organ interactions in the adult respiratory distress syndrome during sepsis: role of the liver in host defence;180
11.3;The jaundiced heart : a possible explanation for postopera-tive shock in obstructive jaundice;182
11.4;Hypoxic hepatitis in patients with cardiac failure: incidence in a coronary care unit and measurement of hepatic blood flow;184
11.5;Monoethylglycinexylidide formation kinetics: a novel approach to assessment of liver function;186
11.6;Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure;188
11.7;Emergency liver transplantation for fulminant hepatitis;190
11.8;Improvement by acetylcysteine of hemodynamics and oxygen transport in fulminant hepatic failure;192
11.9;Acute hepatic coma treated by cross-circulation with a baboon and by repeated exchange transfusions;195
11.10;Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis;197
12;Burns;199
12.1;Fluid and electrolyte requirements in severe burns;201
12.2;The successful control of burn wound sepsis;203
12.3;Acute gastroduodenal disease after thermal injury: an endo-scopic evaluation of incidence and natural history;205
12.4;Dietary requirements of patients with major burns;207
12.5;Catecholamines: mediator of the hypermetabolic response to thermal injury;209
12.6;The estimation of areas of burns;211
12.7;Immunosuppression and temporary skin transplantation in the treatment of massive third degree burns;213
12.8;Successful use of a physiologically acceptable artificial skin in the treatment of extensive burn injury;215
12.9;The influence of inhalation injury and pneumonia on burn mortality;217
12.10;Primary burn excision and immediate grafting: a method of shortening illness;219
13;Trauma;221
13.1;Fluid therapy in hemorrhagic shock;222
13.2;Acute respiratory distress in adults;224
13.3;Splenic trauma in children;226
13.4;Management of flail chest without mechanical ventilation;228
13.5;Epidemiology of trauma deaths;230
13.6;Multiple system organ failure;232
13.7;Benefits of immediate jejunostomy feeding after major abdominal trauma - a prospective, randomized study;234
13.8;Early versus delayed stabilization of femoral fractures;236
13.9;Abbreviated laparotomy and planned reoperation for critically injured patients;238
13.10;Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries;240
14;Clinical sepsis;242
14.1;Shock caused by Gram-negative micro-organisms: analysis of 169 cases;244
14.2;Patterns of septic shock in man - a detailed study of 56 patients;246
14.3;Steroids in the treatment of clinical septic shock;250
14.4;Multiple organ failure;253
14.5;The systemic septic response: does the organism matter?;255
14.6;Treatment of gram-negative bacteremia and shock with human anti- serum to a mutant Escherichia coli;258
14.7;Profound but reversible myocardial depression in patients with septic shock;261
14.8;Fluid loading increases oxygen consumption in septic patients with lactic acidosis;265
14.9;Association between tumour necrosis factor in serum and fatal outcome in patients with meningococcal disease;269
14.10;Sepsis syndrome: a valid clinical entity: Methylprednisolone Severe Sepsis Study Group;272
14.11;Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis;275
15;Nutrition and metabolism;286
15.1;Amino acid and energy metabolism in septic and traumatized patients;288
15.2;Aggressive nutritional support does not prevent protein loss despite fat gain in septic intensive care patients;290
15.3;Nitrogen requirements in severely injured patients;292
15.4;The effect of postoperative intravenous feeding (TPN) on outcome following major surgery evaluated in a randomized study;294
15.5;Clinical benefits of an immune-enhancing diet for early postinjury enteral feeding;296
15.6;Early enteral administration of a formula (Impact) supplemented with arginine, nucleotides, fish oil in intensive care unit patients: results of a multi- center prospective, randomized clinical trial;298
15.7;Six-month outcome of critically ill patients given glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition;300
15.8;Longitudinal changes of biochemical parameters in muscle during critical illness;302
15.9;Glutamine enriched enteral nutrition reduces infectious morbidity in multitrauma patients: a double- blind, prospective, randomized trial;304
15.10;A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial of enteral immunonutrition in the critically ill;306
16;Fluids;308
16.1;On the absorption of fluids from the connective tissue spaces;309
16.2;Continuous drip blood transfusion;311
16.3;Effect of elevated left atrial pressure and decreased plasma protein concentration on the development of pulmonary oedema;313
16.4;The effects of haemorrhage on body composition;316
16.5;Acute changes in extracellular fluids associated with major surgical procedures;318
16.6;Donor blood and isotonic salt solution: effect on survival after haemorrhagic shock and operation;320
16.7;Ringers lactate solution and extracellular volume in the surgical patient: a critical analysis;322
16.8;Improved outcome based on fluid management in critically ill patients requiring pulmonary artery catheterization;325
16.9;Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries;327
16.10;Human albumin administration in critically ill patients: systematic review of randomised controlled trials;329
17;Infection in the intensive care unit;331
17.1;National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system report, data summary from January 1992- June 2001, issued August 2001: a report from the NNIS system;333
17.2;The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of blood-stream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting;336
17.3;Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters: rationale for antibacterial dosing of mice and men;339
17.4;A computer-assisted management program for antibiotics and other antiinfective agents;342
17.5;Invasive and noninvasive strategies for management of suspected ventilator- associated pneumonia: a randomized trial;345
17.6;Calcitonin precursors are reliable markers of sepsis in a medical intensive care unit;348
17.7;Comparative efficacy of ceftriaxone and cefuroxime for treatment of bacterial meningitis;351
17.8;Dexamethasone therapy for bacterial meningitis: results of two double- blind, placebo- controlled trials;354
17.9;Intensive insulin therapy in the surgical intensive care unit;356
17.10;Prospective randomised trial of povidone-iodine, alcohol, and chlorhexidine for prevention of infection associated with central venous and arterial catheters;359
18;Infectious diseases: an intensive care clinician´s perspective;361
18.1;Rats lice and history;364
18.2;Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and mucosal candidiasis in previously healthy homosexual men: evidence of a new acquired cellular immunodeficiency;366
18.3;Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and respiratory failure in AIDS: improved outcomes and increased use of intensive care units;368
18.4;The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe: results of the European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care ( EPIC) Study, EPIC International Advisory Committee;370
18.5;What´s in a name: is methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus just another S. aureus when treated with vancomycin?;372
18.6;Role of respiratory assistance devices in endemic nosocomial pneumonia;374
18.7;A controlled trial of scheduled replacement of central venous and pulmonary- artery catheters;376
18.8;Serratia marcescens: historical perspective and clinical review;378
18.9;A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with amphotericin B for the treatment of candidemia in patients without neutropenia: Candidemia Study Group and the National Institute;380
18.10;Viral hepatitis: a staff hazard in dialysis units;382
18.11;Effectiveness of a hospital-wide programme to improve compliance with hand hygiene: Infection Control Programme;384
19;Vasoactive and cardiotonic drugs;386
19.1;Sodium diuresis produced by dopamine in patients with congestive heart failure;387
19.2;Clinical cardiovascular pharmacology of dobutamine: a selective inotropic catecholamine;389
19.3;Comparative systemic and regional hemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine in patients with cardiomyopathic heart failure;391
19.4;A comparison of digoxin and dobutamine in patients with acute infarction and cardiac failure;393
19.5;Dobutamine therapy in acute myocardial infarction;395
19.6;Hemodynamic and oxygen transport effects of dobutamine in critically ill general surgical patients;397
19.7;Oxygen uptake/supply dependency: effects of short-term dobutamine infusion;399
19.8;Prognostic value of the dobutamine test in patients with sepsis syndrome and normal lactate values: a prospective, multicenter study;401
19.9;Norepinephrine or dopamine for the treatment of hyperdynamic septic shock?;403
19.10;Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery in the treatment of critically ill patients;405
19.11;Dopexamine reduces the incidence of acute inflammation in the gut mucosa after abdominal surgery in high- risk patients;407
20;Pain relief and sedation in intensive care;409
20.1;The techniques used to sedate ventilated patients;411
20.2;Sedation in intensive care - a postal survey;413
20.3;Controlled sedation with alphaxalone-alphadolone;415
20.4;Mortality amongst multiple trauma patients admitted to an intensive therapy unit;417
20.5;Metabolic acidosis and fatal myocardial failure after propofol infusion in children: five case reports;419
20.6;Pharmacokinetics of morphine in two children before and after liver transplantation;421
20.7;The use of continuous i.v. sedation is associated with prolon-gation of mechanical ventilation;423
20.8;Epidural anesthesia and analgesia in high risk surgical patients;425
20.9;Where is the harm in not knowing: care after intensive care;427
21;Monitoring;429
21.1;Measurement of cardiac output by thermal dilution in man;430
21.2;Catheterisation of the heart in man with use of a flow directed balloon- tipped catheter;432
21.3;Experimental and clinical studies on lactate and pyruvate as indicators of the severity of acute circulatory failure ( shock);434
21.4;Spectrophotometric monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation at the fingertip;436
21.5;Continuous recording of the ventricular-fluid pressure in patients with severe acute traumatic brain injury;438
21.6;Temperature of the great toe as an indication of the severity of shock;440
21.7;Estimation of cardiac output soon after intracardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass;443
21.8;The nitrous oxide method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blood flow in man: theory, procedure and normal values;445
21.9;Continuous haemodynamic monitoring by esophageal Doppler;447
22;Scoring systems;450
22.1;A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant;451
22.2;Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: a practical scale;453
22.3;Statistical methods for quantifying the severity of clinical acute pancreatitis;455
22.4;Prognosis in acute organ-system failure;457
22.5;APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system;459
22.6;Pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score;461
22.7;Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System: update 1983;463
22.8;Mortality Probability Models (MPM II) based on an international cohort of intensive care unit patients;467
22.9;Improving the outcomes of coronary artery bypass surgery in New York State;469
22.10;A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients: the Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments ( SUPPORT);471
23;Ethics;473
23.1;Ethics and clinical research;474
23.2;Informed consent in theory and practice: legal and medical perspectives on the informed consent doctrine and a proposed reconceptualization;476
23.3;Rationing intensive care - physician responses to a resource shortage;478
23.4;Patients´ and families´ preferences for medical intensive care;480
23.5;Medical futility: its meaning and ethical implications;482
23.6;Withholding and withdrawal of life support from the critically ill;484
23.7;Determinants in Canadian health care workers of the decision to withdraw life support from the critically ill;486
23.8;A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients: the study to understand prognoses and preferences for outcomes and risks of treatments ( SUPPORT);488
23.9;Consensus report on the ethics of foregoing life-sustaining treatments in the critically ill;491
23.10;A definition of irreversible coma;493
24;Cytokines;495
24.1;Demonstration and characterization of two distinct human leukocytic pyrogens;496
24.2;The functional relationship of the interleukins;498
24.3;Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) is an endogenous pyrogen and induces production of interleukin 1;500
24.4;Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteraemia;502
24.5;Treatment of gram-negative bacteremia and septic shock with HA- 1A human monoclonal antibody against endotoxin: a randomized, double- blind, placebo- controlled trial;504
24.6;Efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibody to human tumor necrosis factor-a in patients with sepsis syndrome: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial;506
24.7;Role of NFkB in the mortality of sepsis;509
24.8;Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant alpha- interferon: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial: Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group;511
24.9;Increased circulating nitrogen oxides after human tumor immunotherapy: correlation with toxic hemodynamic changes;513
24.10;Consensus conference definitions for sepsis, septic shock, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome: time for a re- evaluation;515
25;Pediatric critical care;517
25.1;Treatment of the idiopathic respiratory-distress syndrome with continuous positive airway pressure;518
25.2;Extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support for cardiopulmonary failure: experience in 28 cases;520
25.3;Artificial surfactant therapy in hyaline-membrane disease;522
25.4;Halothane in status asthmaticus;524
25.5;Lung volume maintenance prevents lung injury during high frequency oscillatory ventilation in surfactant- deficient rabbits;526
25.6;Low-dose inhalation nitric oxide in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn;528
25.7;The whiplash shaken infant syndrome: manual shaking by the extremities with whiplash- induced intracranial and intraocu-lar bleedings, linked with residual permanent brain damage and mental retardation;530
25.8;Ductus arteriosus dilation by prostaglandin E1 in infants with pulmonary atresia;532
25.9;Reye´s syndrome and salicylate use;534
25.10;Pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score;536
26;Recent papers;539
26.1;A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care;540
26.2;Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock;542
26.3;Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia;545
26.4;A randomised controlled trial of the use of pulmonary artery catheters in high- risk surgical patients;547
26.5;Most critically ill patients are perceived to die in comfort during withdrawal of life support: a Canadian multicentre study;550
26.6;A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit;552
26.7;Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster- randomized controlled trial;554
26.8;Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU;557
27;Frequently cited papers in critical care;560
28;The 25 most frequently mentioned authors in articles on Critical Care and related subjects. The time periods 1970- 2008 as total, 2002- 2008 and 1998- 2002 have been shown.;588
29;Index;591mehr

Kritik

From the reviews of the second edition:"This is collection of papers identified by an expert panel as defining contemporary practice in critical care medicine. Abstracts, figures, and summaries from key papers are provided. Senior trainees or fellows in critical care medicine and academic practitioners or senior clinicians in the field may find this work of interest. ... This unique contribution presents the work that defines much of current intensivist activity. ... anyone with a significant interest in critical care will enjoy this collection." (David J. Dries, Doody's Review Service, September, 2008)"Classic Papers in Critical Care provides a highly informative, easy-to-read overview on the fundamentals of intensive care medicine. ... This book is highly recommended for intensive care specialists or general physicians with interest in critical care as well as physicians-in-training or intensive care fellows who not only want to know how to practice evidence-based critical care according to the latest insights but also want to understand the fundamentals underlying these guidelines." (Marcel Levi, Journal of the American Medical Association, April, 2009)mehr

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