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Naturally Challenged: Contested Perceptions and Practices in Urban Green Spaces

E-BookPDF1 - PDF WatermarkE-Book
201 Seiten
Englisch
Springer International Publishingerschienen am04.08.20201st ed. 2020
This book aims to understand how the wellbeing benefits of urban green space (UGS) are analysed and valued and why they are interpreted and translated into action or inaction, into 'success' and/or 'failure'. The provision, care and use of natural landscapes in urban settings (e.g. parks, woodland, nature reserves, riverbanks) are under-researched in academia and under-resourced in practice. Our growing knowledge of the benefits of natural urban spaces for wellbeing contrasts with asset management approaches in practice that view public green spaces as liabilities. Why is there a mismatch between what we know about urban green space and what we do in practice? What makes some UGS more 'successful' than others? And who decides on this measure of 'success' and how is this constituted? This book sets out to answer these and related questions by exploring a range of approaches to designing, planning and managing different natural landscapes in urban settings.


Dr Nicola Dempsey is Senior Lecturer based in the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Sheffield. Her research focuses on place-keeping which conceptualizes the design, planning and management of places as an ongoing and dynamic process. Dr. Dempsey's recent research on the Improving Wellbeing through Urban Nature (IWUN) project identified green space interventions which boost the health and wellbeing of urban residents. Her research is underpinned by the need for long-term 'post-occupancy evaluation' of everyday urban landscapes. Her work has been recently published in the books: Marketization in Local Government, Staging Urban Landscapes and Public Space Design and Social Cohesion as well as in journals including Journal of Environmental Management, Landscape Research, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening and the International Journal of Public Sector Management.  


Dr Julian Dobson is director of the research consultancy Urban Pollinators, based in Sheffield, UK. He was also a member of the IWUN team at the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Sheffield. He was previously founding editor of the community regeneration journal New Start.

His research interests focus on the development and care of equitable and environmentally sustainable places, and he is currently involved in a range of projects on urban green spaces and their management and governance.

Dr Dobson is author of How to Save our Town Centres (Policy Press) and co-editor of Urban Crisis, Urban Hope (Anthem, in press). Recent research articles have appeared in journals including Sustainability, Voluntary Sector Review, and Environmental Science and Policy.mehr
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E-BookPDF1 - PDF WatermarkE-Book
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Produkt

KlappentextThis book aims to understand how the wellbeing benefits of urban green space (UGS) are analysed and valued and why they are interpreted and translated into action or inaction, into 'success' and/or 'failure'. The provision, care and use of natural landscapes in urban settings (e.g. parks, woodland, nature reserves, riverbanks) are under-researched in academia and under-resourced in practice. Our growing knowledge of the benefits of natural urban spaces for wellbeing contrasts with asset management approaches in practice that view public green spaces as liabilities. Why is there a mismatch between what we know about urban green space and what we do in practice? What makes some UGS more 'successful' than others? And who decides on this measure of 'success' and how is this constituted? This book sets out to answer these and related questions by exploring a range of approaches to designing, planning and managing different natural landscapes in urban settings.


Dr Nicola Dempsey is Senior Lecturer based in the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Sheffield. Her research focuses on place-keeping which conceptualizes the design, planning and management of places as an ongoing and dynamic process. Dr. Dempsey's recent research on the Improving Wellbeing through Urban Nature (IWUN) project identified green space interventions which boost the health and wellbeing of urban residents. Her research is underpinned by the need for long-term 'post-occupancy evaluation' of everyday urban landscapes. Her work has been recently published in the books: Marketization in Local Government, Staging Urban Landscapes and Public Space Design and Social Cohesion as well as in journals including Journal of Environmental Management, Landscape Research, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening and the International Journal of Public Sector Management.  


Dr Julian Dobson is director of the research consultancy Urban Pollinators, based in Sheffield, UK. He was also a member of the IWUN team at the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Sheffield. He was previously founding editor of the community regeneration journal New Start.

His research interests focus on the development and care of equitable and environmentally sustainable places, and he is currently involved in a range of projects on urban green spaces and their management and governance.

Dr Dobson is author of How to Save our Town Centres (Policy Press) and co-editor of Urban Crisis, Urban Hope (Anthem, in press). Recent research articles have appeared in journals including Sustainability, Voluntary Sector Review, and Environmental Science and Policy.
Details
Weitere ISBN/GTIN9783030444808
ProduktartE-Book
EinbandartE-Book
FormatPDF
Format Hinweis1 - PDF Watermark
FormatE107
Erscheinungsjahr2020
Erscheinungsdatum04.08.2020
Auflage1st ed. 2020
ReiheCities and Nature
Seiten201 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
IllustrationenXV, 201 p. 35 illus., 29 illus. in color.
Artikel-Nr.5291395
Rubriken
Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
1;Foreword;7
2;Preface;9
3;Acknowledgements;10
4;Contents;11
5;Contributors;12
6;Chapter 1: Why Practice Doesn t Make Perfect;13
6.1;1.1 The Global Scale of the Challenges We Face;14
6.2;1.2 Urban Nature and Human Wellbeing;16
6.3;1.3 Alignment and Misalignment;16
6.4;1.4 Beyond Success or Failure;17
6.5;1.5 The Structure of the Book;18
6.6;References;19
7;Chapter 2: What Is Urban Nature and How Do We Perceive It?;20
7.1;2.1 Defining Urban Nature;20
7.2;2.2 Why Is Urban Nature So Important for Human Health and Well-being?;23
7.2.1;2.2.1 Air Quality;23
7.2.2;2.2.2 Physical Activity;24
7.2.3;2.2.3 Social Cohesion;24
7.2.4;2.2.4 Stress Reduction;25
7.3;2.3 Why Is Human Perception of Urban Nature So Significant? The Nature Dose;26
7.4;2.4 Perceptions of Urban Nature: Diversity in Nature;28
7.4.1;2.4.1 Diversity in Nature: Biodiversity Perception and Preference at Different Scales;28
7.4.2;2.4.2 Biodiversity: Can People Recognise It?;29
7.4.3;2.4.3 Diversity in Nature: Varying Aesthetics - Perception and Preference;32
7.4.4;2.4.4 Varying Aesthetics - Flowering and Colour;33
7.4.5;2.4.5 Varying Aesthetics - Structure and Care;35
7.5;2.5 Socio-Cultural and Geographical Contextual Factors;38
7.5.1;2.5.1 Gender;38
7.5.2;2.5.2 Education;39
7.5.3;2.5.3 Professional Background;40
7.5.4;2.5.4 Nature-Connectedness;40
7.5.5;2.5.5 Migration Background;41
7.6;2.6 Urban Nature Perceptions: What Do We Know? Implications for Policy, Practice and Further Research;42
7.7;References;43
8;Chapter 3: Naturally Feeling Good? Exploring Understandings of  Green Urban Spaces in the Global South;48
8.1;3.1 Introduction;49
8.2;3.2 Nature As Assetâ¦?;50
8.3;3.3 In the Beginning⦠It Was Just Dirt Roads and Overgrown Land ;52
8.4;3.4 Understandings of  Nature As Asset;55
8.4.1;3.4.1 Growing Natural Assets;57
8.4.2;3.4.2 Planned and Public Urban Green Space;59
8.4.3;3.4.3 Fearing the Green and the Blue;61
8.4.4;3.4.4 Grey and Green ⦠Pink, Yellow, Red and Purple Spaces;62
8.4.5;3.4.5 Gendered Understandings of Green Spaces;63
8.4.6;3.4.6 Trees of Life: Unnatural Assets?;65
8.5;3.5 Constructions of Nature: Concluding Thoughts;65
8.6;References;66
9;Chapter 4: Making a Governable, Value-able Nature: Calculative Practices and Eco-system Services;69
9.1;4.1 Introduction: Numbers and Nature;70
9.1.1;4.1.1 The Structure of Calculative Regimes;71
9.1.2;4.1.2 Political Economy and Calculative Practice;72
9.2;4.2 Making Nature Governable and Value-Able;74
9.2.1;4.2.1 The Qualification and Classification of Natural Environments;75
9.2.2;4.2.2 The Unbundling of Ecosystems into Categories;77
9.3;4.3 Valuing Nature;79
9.3.1;4.3.1 A Natural Capital Account of Sheffield s Parks and Green Spaces;80
9.3.2;4.3.2 A Natural Capital Account of the Ponderosa Park, Sheffield;83
9.3.3;4.3.3 A CBA of an Intervention to Increase the Benefits Derived from the Ponderosa Park, Sheffield;87
9.4;4.4 Conclusions;90
9.5;References;93
10;Chapter 5: Contesting Longstanding Conceptualisations of Urban Green Space;97
10.1;5.1 Introduction;98
10.2;5.2 Measuring Fitness for Purpose;100
10.3;5.3 Unchanging Rationales;101
10.3.1;5.3.1 Connection to Health;102
10.3.2;5.3.2 Leisure and Recreation;104
10.3.3;5.3.3 Behavioural and Moral Wellbeing;105
10.4;5.4 Changing Cities;107
10.4.1;5.4.1 Changing Environmental Awareness;109
10.5;5.5 Discussion;110
10.5.1;5.5.1 Perseverance of Nineteenth Century Rural Ideals;110
10.5.2;5.5.2 Planning Designations;112
10.5.3;5.5.3 Statutory Designations;114
10.5.4;5.5.4 Governance Structures;115
10.5.5;5.5.5 Planning and Green Space;116
10.6;5.6 Conclusions;119
10.7;References;121
11;Chapter 6: The Challenges of Changing Governance: Curating New Civic Identities for Health and Wellbeing;127
11.1;6.1 Introduction;128
11.2;6.2 Wetlands as Climate Change Mitigation Spaces;129
11.3;6.3 Political Austerity and Its Relationship with Emergent Forms of Environmental Citizenship;131
11.3.1;6.3.1 Environmental Activists in Wetlands: Rural and Urban Volunteering Experiences;132
11.3.2;6.3.2 The Study Sites;133
11.4;6.4 Creating a Meaningful Life in a Post-work World: Curating New Civic Identities;137
11.4.1;6.4.1 Resilience in Counterpoint to Austerity Localism: Building Communities;139
11.4.2;6.4.2 Activism and Community: Working Within and Against Current Governance Regimes;143
11.4.3;6.4.3 Connected Lives, Shaping Meaning with Concerned Others;144
11.5;6.5 Concluding Thoughts: Grey Power and Environmental Activism in Wetland Spaces;146
11.6;References;149
12;Chapter 7: Mind the Gap: Does What We Know About Greenspace and Wellbeing Change What We Do?;153
12.1;7.1 Introduction;153
12.2;7.2 Innovation Before Infrastructure?;154
12.3;7.3 Fractured Governance;156
12.3.1;7.3.1 Evidence in Governance;157
12.4;7.4 A Case Study from Sheffield, UK;160
12.5;7.5 Grounded Governance and Fragmented Agendas;162
12.5.1;7.5.1 Do Actors Believe They Can Achieve Change?;163
12.6;7.6 Evidence-Seeking as Myth and Ceremony;170
12.7;References;172
13;Chapter 8: Measuring the Gap Between Rhetoric and Practice: Examining Urban Green Space Interventions Post-implementation;176
13.1;8.1 Introduction;176
13.2;8.2 Why We Need (Policy) Rhetoric on Green Space Management;177
13.2.1;8.2.1 Evaluating over the Long Term;179
13.3;8.3 Tracing Processes, Post-implementation;180
13.4;8.4 Green Space Strategies: A Worldwide Phenomenon;181
13.4.1;8.4.1 A Worked Example: Strategies in Westminster;182
13.4.2;8.4.2 Westminster and Beyond: Common Symptoms in Strategies?;184
13.5;8.5 Material Change in Green and Open Spaces: Changing Practicesâ¦?;185
13.5.1;8.5.1 Reflecting on Failures in the Evaluation Process;189
13.6;8.6 What Do We Know About the Gap Between Rhetoric and Implementation?;190
13.6.1;8.6.1 It s Dependent on Context, butâ¦;191
13.6.2;8.6.2 Mismatch Between Intended and Achievedâ¦and the Pressure to Succeed;191
13.6.3;8.6.3 The Power of Public Outcry;192
13.6.4;8.6.4 The Problem with the Data;192
13.6.5;8.6.5 Estimating the Importance of Context: A Purely Academic Exercise?;193
13.7;References;193
14;Chapter 9: Realigning Knowing and Doing: An Agenda for Reflection and Action;197
14.1;9.1 A Need for Reflection;197
14.2;9.2 Perceptions in (and of) Urban Green spaces Are Contested: So What?;198
14.3;9.3 How Can We Address the Misalignments Between What We Know About Green Space and What We Do in Practice?;200
14.4;9.4 Why Is Business as Usual No Longer Good Enough?;201
14.5;9.5 A Realignment Towards Learning from All, Not Just Good, Practice;202
14.6;References;204
15;Index;205mehr

Autor

Dr Nicola Dempsey is Senior Lecturer based in the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Sheffield. Her research focuses on place-keeping which conceptualizes the design, planning and management of places as an ongoing and dynamic process. Dr. Dempsey's recent research on the Improving Wellbeing through Urban Nature (IWUN) project identified green space interventions which boost the health and wellbeing of urban residents. Her research is underpinned by the need for long-term 'post-occupancy evaluation' of everyday urban landscapes. Her work has been recently published in the books: Marketization in Local Government, Staging Urban Landscapes and Public Space Design and Social Cohesion as well as in journals including Journal of Environmental Management, Landscape Research, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening and the International Journal of Public Sector Management.


Dr Julian Dobson is director of the research consultancy Urban Pollinators, based in Sheffield, UK. He was also a member of the IWUN team at the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Sheffield. He was previously founding editor of the community regeneration journal New Start.

His research interests focus on the development and care of equitable and environmentally sustainable places, and he is currently involved in a range of projects on urban green spaces and their management and governance.

Dr Dobson is author of How to Save our Town Centres (Policy Press) and co-editor of Urban Crisis, Urban Hope (Anthem, in press). Recent research articles have appeared in journals including Sustainability, Voluntary Sector Review, and Environmental Science and Policy.