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Legal Tech and the New Sharing Economy

E-BookPDF1 - PDF WatermarkE-Book
257 Seiten
Englisch
Springer Nature Singaporeerschienen am13.12.20191st ed. 2020
The exponential growth of disruptive technology is changing our world. The development of cloud computing, big data, the internet of things, artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, and other related autonomous systems, such as self-driving vehicles, have triggered the emergence of new products and services. These significant technological breakthroughs have opened the door to new economic models such as the sharing and platform-based economy. As a result, companies are becoming increasingly data- and algorithm-driven, coming to be more like 'decentralized platforms'. New transaction or payment methods such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, based on trust-building systems using Blockchain, smart contracts, and other distributed ledger technology, also constitute an essential part of this new economic model. 

The sharing economy and digital platforms also include the everyday exchange of goods allowing individuals to commodify their surplus resources. Information and innovation technologies are used in order to then match these resources with existing demand in the market. Online platforms such as Airbnb, Uber, and Amazon reduce information asymmetry, increase the value of unused resources, and create new opportunities for collaboration and innovation. Moreover, the sharing economy is playing a major role in the transition from exclusive ownership of personal assets toward access-based exploitation of resources. The success of online matching platforms depends not only on the reduction of search costs but also on the trustworthiness of platform operators. 

From a legal perspective, the uncertainties triggered by the emergence of a new digital reality are particularly urgent. How should these tendencies be reflected in legal systems in each jurisdiction? This book collects a series of contributions by leading scholars in the newly emerging fields of sharing economy and Legal Tech. The aim of the book is to enrich legal debates on the social, economic, and political meaning of these cutting-edge technologies. The chapters presented in this edition attempt to answer some of these lingering questions from the perspective of diverse legal backgrounds.mehr
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Produkt

KlappentextThe exponential growth of disruptive technology is changing our world. The development of cloud computing, big data, the internet of things, artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, and other related autonomous systems, such as self-driving vehicles, have triggered the emergence of new products and services. These significant technological breakthroughs have opened the door to new economic models such as the sharing and platform-based economy. As a result, companies are becoming increasingly data- and algorithm-driven, coming to be more like 'decentralized platforms'. New transaction or payment methods such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, based on trust-building systems using Blockchain, smart contracts, and other distributed ledger technology, also constitute an essential part of this new economic model. 

The sharing economy and digital platforms also include the everyday exchange of goods allowing individuals to commodify their surplus resources. Information and innovation technologies are used in order to then match these resources with existing demand in the market. Online platforms such as Airbnb, Uber, and Amazon reduce information asymmetry, increase the value of unused resources, and create new opportunities for collaboration and innovation. Moreover, the sharing economy is playing a major role in the transition from exclusive ownership of personal assets toward access-based exploitation of resources. The success of online matching platforms depends not only on the reduction of search costs but also on the trustworthiness of platform operators. 

From a legal perspective, the uncertainties triggered by the emergence of a new digital reality are particularly urgent. How should these tendencies be reflected in legal systems in each jurisdiction? This book collects a series of contributions by leading scholars in the newly emerging fields of sharing economy and Legal Tech. The aim of the book is to enrich legal debates on the social, economic, and political meaning of these cutting-edge technologies. The chapters presented in this edition attempt to answer some of these lingering questions from the perspective of diverse legal backgrounds.
Details
Weitere ISBN/GTIN9789811513503
ProduktartE-Book
EinbandartE-Book
FormatPDF
Format Hinweis1 - PDF Watermark
FormatE107
Erscheinungsjahr2019
Erscheinungsdatum13.12.2019
Auflage1st ed. 2020
ReihePerspectives in Law, Business and Innovation
Seiten257 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
IllustrationenXVI, 257 p. 43 illus., 40 illus. in color.
Artikel-Nr.5022458
Rubriken
Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;Editors and Contributors;10
4;Acronyms;14
5; Legal Aspects of Decentralized and Platform-Driven Economies;17
5.1;1 Introduction;18
5.2;2 Parts;19
5.3;3 Chapters;21
5.4;References;26
6;Sharing Economy and Platforms;28
7; Building Platforms for Collaboration: A New Comparative Legal Challenge;29
7.1;1 Introduction;29
7.2;2 Collaboration in Practice;31
7.3;3 Experimenting with Platforms: Meridian 180;32
7.4;4 Conclusion;33
7.5;References;34
8; Sharing City Seoul and the Future of City Governance;35
8.1;1 Introduction;35
8.2;2 The Historical Context of Sharing Cities;37
8.3;3 The Role of Legal Systems;43
8.4;4 Lessons from Sharing City Seoul;49
8.5;5 Prediction: Beyond Decentralization;52
8.6;6 Conclusion;56
8.7;References;57
9; A Study of the Japanese Housing Accommodation Business Act (Act No. 65 of 2017): The First National Law in the World Legitimizing Home-Sharing;60
9.1;1 Introduction;61
9.1.1;1.1 The First National-Level Law Legalizing Home-Sharing in the World;61
9.1.2;1.2 Goal of This Chapter;61
9.1.3;1.3 JHABA Is not Necessarily a Model Law-But We Can Learn from Japan;62
9.1.4;1.4 Basic Outline of This Chapter;62
9.2;2 History of Home-Sharing Legalization in Japan;63
9.2.1;2.1 Home-Sharing in Japan? No Thank You (Prior to June 2015);63
9.2.2;2.2 Regulatory Reform Council s Proposal to Prime Minister-Small Step for Legalization (June 2015);64
9.2.3;2.3 Entire Sharing-Economy Regulation Idea (December 2015);65
9.2.4;2.4 JTA-HMLW Joint Study Committee for Housing Accommodation Business (November 2015 to June 20, 2016);66
9.2.5;2.5 New Law Enactment (June 2017);68
9.2.6;2.6 Delay for Subordinate Rules of the JHABA and New Threat for Home-Sharing (December 2017);70
9.2.7;2.7 Confusion Around the Illegal Local Ordinances and Acceptance of Notification (After March 2018);70
9.2.8;2.8 From 2200 to 16,500 Listings [Post Script in July 2019];71
9.3;3 New Regulatory Framework for Home-Sharing Japan;72
9.3.1;3.1 Outline of the JHABA;72
9.4;4 Legal Issues that Need Further Study;81
9.4.1;4.1 Issue 1: Extraterritorial Application of the JHABA to All Offshore Business Operators;81
9.4.2;4.2 Issue 2: Overlooking the Neutrality of Platform;82
9.4.3;4.3 Issue 3: Illegal Local Ordinances Additionally Imposing Obligations on Home-Sharing;84
9.5;References;90
10;Digital Age and Personal Data;92
11; The Digital Person-A New Legal Entity? On the Role of Law in an AI-Based Society;93
11.1;1 Introduction;94
11.2;2 Three Key Questions;95
11.2.1;2.1 Do We Already Have Encoded Law Governed by Algorithms?;95
11.2.2;2.2 Can Administration of Justice Be Achieved with the Help of Robots?;95
11.2.3;2.3 Is a New Legal Entity in the Form of a Digital Person Needed?;96
11.3;3 General Reflections with Relevant References;97
11.3.1;3.1 The Role of Law in an AI-Based Society;97
11.3.2;3.2 Suggested Further Reading;100
11.4;4 Conclusion;102
11.5;References;103
12; Nudging Consent and the New Opt-Out System to the Processing of Health Data in England;104
12.1;1 Introduction;105
12.2;2 Behavioral Law and Economics, Choice Architectures and Default Rules as Prime Nudges;106
12.3;3 Nudges in the Healthcare Sector & Opt-Out Systems;108
12.4;4 The National Health Service and Opt-Out System in England;109
12.4.1;4.1 The Opt-Out System in England;110
12.4.2;4.2 The Presentation of the Information on the Information Materials for Patients;114
12.5;5 Opt-Out Statistics;118
12.6;6 Hard Paternalism in Healthcare?;119
12.7;7 Conclusion;121
12.8;References;121
13; National Electronic Health Record Systems and Consent to Processing of Health Data in the European Union and Australia;125
13.1;1 Introduction;126
13.2;2 National Electronic Health Records Systems (NEHR);127
13.3;3 The Requirement of Consent Under General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR);128
13.4;4 Australian Legislative Framework for My Health Record System and Patients Consent to Processing of Their Personal Data;133
13.4.1;4.1 The Standing or  Ongoing Consent;137
13.5;5 Conclusion;140
13.6;References;140
14;Blockchain and Code;142
15; Legal Education in a Digital Age;143
15.1;1 Introduction;144
15.2;2 Education in a Digital Age;145
15.3;3 Lawyers as Transaction Engineers;147
15.4;4 The Lawyer of the Future ;149
15.4.1;4.1 The Evolving Character of Legal Work;149
15.4.2;4.2 Legal Tech;150
15.4.3;4.3 Designing a New Global Architecture;153
15.4.4;4.4 The Building Blocks of a Digital World? Blockchain & Smart Contracts;155
15.5;5 Coding for Lawyers;158
15.6;6 Conclusion;160
15.7;References;160
16; Reputation Protocol for the Internet of Trust;163
16.1;1 Introduction;164
16.2;2 Problem;165
16.2.1;2.1 Internet-Based Platforms Proliferate;165
16.2.2;2.2 Trust Crises on the Internet;165
16.3;3 Internet-Based Platforms Use of Reputation Metrics;167
16.3.1;3.1 The Shortcomings of This Use of Reputation in Internet-Based Platform Businesses Include the Following;168
16.3.2;3.2 Internet of Trust;169
16.4;4 Semada Research Institute;169
16.4.1;4.1 Founding Principle;170
16.4.2;4.2 Reputation as True Decentralization;170
16.4.3;4.3 Motivation;170
16.5;5 Semada Research Network;171
16.5.1;5.1 SRN DAO Candidates;172
16.5.2;5.2 Semada Platform;172
16.5.3;5.3 Protocols;173
16.6;6 Conclusion;187
16.7;References;187
17; Legal Issues Related to Blockchain Technology-Examples from Korea;188
17.1;1 Introduction;189
17.2;2 IP Law Issues Concerning Free and Open Source Software;190
17.2.1;2.1 Blockchain Technology and Open Source Software;190
17.2.2;2.2 Patented Blockchain Technology and Free and Open Source Software (FOSS);190
17.2.3;2.3 A Clash Between Trade Secret and Copyright;191
17.2.4;2.4 Copyleft Provisions and Competition Law Issues of FOSS Licenses;192
17.3;3 e-Apostilles Project Based on Blockchain Technology;193
17.3.1;3.1 Apostilles Convention;193
17.3.2;3.2 Apostilles from the Republic of Korea;193
17.3.3;3.3 Legal Issues Related to e-Apostilles;197
17.4;4 Conclusion;204
17.5;References;204
18;Autonomous Systems and Future Challenges;206
19; Lawyers Views on Autonomous Driving;207
19.1;1 Introduction;207
19.2;2 The Favorite Question Asked by Lawyers;209
19.3;3 Safe Autonomous Driving Is a Product of a Well-Organized Network System;213
19.4;4 How Can We, Lawyers, Contribute to the Safety of Road Traffic Involving Autonomous Driving?;215
19.5;References;215
20; Adversarial Machine Learning: A Blow to the Transportation Sharing Economy;217
20.1;1 Introduction;218
20.2;2 The Current State of Autonomous Driving;219
20.3;3 Machines Are Easily Fooled;222
20.3.1;3.1 Adversarial Machine Learning;223
20.3.2;3.2 Recent Findings;224
20.3.3;3.3 Why Are Machines Fooled?;228
20.4;4 Adversarial Machine Learning and Autonomous Vehicles;229
20.5;5 Adversarial Machine Learning and the Law: The End of Autonomous Vehicles?;230
20.5.1;5.1 Product Liability Law as the First Obvious Choice;231
20.5.2;5.2 The Operator or Overriding Provisions, Shifting Liability to a Human Driver;234
20.5.3;5.3 Beyond Liability Regimes: No-Fault Compensation Schemes and Victim Compensation Funds;236
20.6;6 Discussing Liability in an Area in Evolution;239
20.6.1;6.1 Changed Car Ownership Structures;239
20.6.2;6.2 Infrastructure Enabled Autonomy;240
20.7;7 Conclusion;242
20.8;References;243
21; The New EU Directive on the Protection of Trade Secrets and Its Implementation;247
21.1;1 Introduction;247
21.2;2 Regulatory Objectives;249
21.3;3 The Concept of Trade Secrets;249
21.4;4 The Central Prohibition;252
21.5;5 The Extended Liability of the Manufacturer;253
21.6;6 Exceptions and Limitations;254
21.6.1;6.1 Limitations and Exempting Elements (Article 3);254
21.6.2;6.2 Exceptions and Justifications (Article 5);255
21.7;7 Sanctions;257
21.8;8 Conclusion;258
21.9;References;258
22;14 Correction to: Legal Tech and the New Sharing Economy;260
22.1;Correction to: M. Corrales Compagnucci et al. (eds.), Legal Tech and the New Sharing Economy, Perspectives in Law, Business and Innovation, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1350-3;260
23;Index;261mehr

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