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Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, II

E-BookPDFDRM AdobeE-Book
561 Seiten
Englisch
Elsevier Science & Techn.erschienen am01.07.1989
This second volume of Surface Operations in Petroleum Production complements and amplifies Volume I which appeared in 1987 and covered several aspects of oilfield technology. This second volume presents a detailed theoretical and practical exposition of surface oilfield practices, including gas flow rate measurement, cementing, fracturing, acidizing, and gravel packing. In today's era of specialization, these operations are generally left to service companies, denying field engineers and company managers direct detailed knowledge of the specific surface and subsurface operations. This book presents a comprehensive analysis which may be used by field engineers to analyze technical problems, specify the required surface and subsurface operations, and closely supervise the service company's work and post-treatment operation of the well.

Another subject which has great economic consequences in all oilfields is corrosion of equipment. The book presents a comprehensive analysis of the theory of corrosion in the oilfield and methods that have proved effective for the retardation, or elimination, of corrosion. Quality control of injection waters in then covered. Three more topics are addressed: the first is offshore technology which is presented with reference to onshore oilfield operations, making a lucid presentation for field engineers who have no practical knowledge of the subject. The second is pollution control - an area of oilfield management which has assumed widespread importance in recent years. The last topic covered is the subject of underground storage of gas and oil. Underground fuel storage and retrieval is an active area of oilfield production management that utilizes the technology presented in this entire treatise. Finally, the technology of testing petroleum products and sample experiments for junior and senior petroleum engineering students are presented.

This two-volume comprehensive treatise on modern oilfield technology thus provides not only a complete reference for field managers, engineers, and technical consultants, but will also serve academic needs in advanced studies of petroleum production engineering.
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Produkt

KlappentextThis second volume of Surface Operations in Petroleum Production complements and amplifies Volume I which appeared in 1987 and covered several aspects of oilfield technology. This second volume presents a detailed theoretical and practical exposition of surface oilfield practices, including gas flow rate measurement, cementing, fracturing, acidizing, and gravel packing. In today's era of specialization, these operations are generally left to service companies, denying field engineers and company managers direct detailed knowledge of the specific surface and subsurface operations. This book presents a comprehensive analysis which may be used by field engineers to analyze technical problems, specify the required surface and subsurface operations, and closely supervise the service company's work and post-treatment operation of the well.

Another subject which has great economic consequences in all oilfields is corrosion of equipment. The book presents a comprehensive analysis of the theory of corrosion in the oilfield and methods that have proved effective for the retardation, or elimination, of corrosion. Quality control of injection waters in then covered. Three more topics are addressed: the first is offshore technology which is presented with reference to onshore oilfield operations, making a lucid presentation for field engineers who have no practical knowledge of the subject. The second is pollution control - an area of oilfield management which has assumed widespread importance in recent years. The last topic covered is the subject of underground storage of gas and oil. Underground fuel storage and retrieval is an active area of oilfield production management that utilizes the technology presented in this entire treatise. Finally, the technology of testing petroleum products and sample experiments for junior and senior petroleum engineering students are presented.

This two-volume comprehensive treatise on modern oilfield technology thus provides not only a complete reference for field managers, engineers, and technical consultants, but will also serve academic needs in advanced studies of petroleum production engineering.
Details
Weitere ISBN/GTIN9780080879796
ProduktartE-Book
EinbandartE-Book
FormatPDF
Format HinweisDRM Adobe
Erscheinungsjahr1989
Erscheinungsdatum01.07.1989
Seiten561 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
Dateigrösse57604 Kbytes
Artikel-Nr.2738977
Rubriken
Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
1;Front Cover;1
2;Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, II;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;CONTENTS;10
5;CONTRIBUTORS;7
6;PREFACE;8
7;CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION;22
7.1;Chokes;23
7.2;Subsidence;27
7.3;Sample problems and questions;28
7.4;Appendix 1.l-Geochemical fingerprinting of natural gas;30
7.5;References;32
8;CHAPTER 2. FLOW RATE MEASUREMENT;34
8.1;Introduction;34
8.2;Definitions;34
8.3;Volumetric flow rate measurement of liquids;36
8.4;Volumetric flow rate of gases;43
8.5;Other types of flow rate measurement;50
8.6;Simple equations for measuring weight flow rates for gases and liquids;53
8.7;Sample problems and questions;53
8.8;Appendix 2.I-Development of orifice metering;54
8.9;Operation of orifice meter;56
8.10;Description of orifice meter;58
8.11;Fundamentals of measurement;69
8.12;Computation of volumes;74
8.13;Specific gravity and temperature determinations;77
8.14;Significant figures;78
8.15;Subsequent changes of coefficients;78
8.16;Calculation of (C) for nonstandard internal-diameter meter run;79
8.17;References;79
9;CHAPTER 3. THE MANUFACTURE, CHEMISTRY AND CLASSIFICATION OF OILWELL CEMENTS AND ADDITIVES;82
9.1;Introduction;82
9.2;Chemistry and characteristics of oilwell cements;82
9.3;Classification of oilwell cements;84
9.4;Specialty oilwell cements;85
9.5;Additives for oilwell cements;89
9.6;Oilwell cement standards outside of the United states;91
9.7;Cementing operations;94
9.8;Surface and subsurface cementing equipment;99
9.9;Subsurface cementing equipment;104
9.10;Acknowledgements;120
9.11;References;120
10;CHAPTER 4. FRACTURING;122
10.1;Introduction;122
10.2;General criteria of well selection;127
10.3;Mechanics of hydraulic fracturing;129
10.4;Fracturing fluids and additives;146
10.5;Propping agents for hydraulic fracturing;155
10.6;Mechanical equipment for hydraulic fracturing;164
10.7;Nuclear fracturing;173
10.8;Sample questions and problems;176
10.9;References;178
11;CHAPTER 5. ACIDIZING OILWELLS;182
11.1;Historical use of acids in oilwells;182
11.2;Purpose of oilwell acidizing;183
11.3;Acid types;184
11.4;Desired properties of oilwell acids;186
11.5;Carbonate oil reservoirs;188
11.6;Sandstone reservoirs;190
11.7;Acidizing treatments;192
11.8;Oilwell acid additives;195
11.9;Oilfield acid treatment design;203
11.10;Fracture acidization-design;207
11.11;Sample questions and problems;208
11.12;References;210
12;CHAPTER 6. GRAVEL PACKING;212
12.1;Introduction;212
12.2;Sand production;212
12.3;Gravel selection;213
12.4;Gravel-packing fluids;224
12.5;Screen or liner selection;225
12.6;Methods of gravel-packing;226
12.7;Deviated wells;230
12.8;Gravel-packing tools and equipment;230
12.9;Evaluation of gravel pack;237
12.10;Additional design considerations;238
12.11;Summary of the basic factors that detemine an effective gravel pack;238
12.12;Sample problems and questions;238
12.13;References;240
13;CHAPTER 7. STEAM ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY;242
13.1;Introduction;242
13.2;General data pertaining to steam injection;242
13.3;Steam injection techniques;259
13.4;Recent development in steam injection techniques;265
13.5;Equipment designs for steam injection projects;267
13.6;Sample problems;297
13.7;References and bibliography;297
14;CHAPTER 8. CORROSION IN DRILLING AND PRODUCING OPERATIONS;304
14.1;Introduction;304
14.2;Corrosive agents in drilling and producing operations;304
14.3;Requirements for electrochemical corrosion;305
14.4;Electrochemical corrosion;305
14.5;Chemistry of corrosion and electromotive forces series;308
14.6;Galvanic series;310
14.7;Corrosion of steel;310
14.8;Types of corrosion;311
14.9;Forms of cracking in drilling and producing environments;313
14.10;Corrodants in drilling and production fluids;317
14.11;Alkalinity (pH) of environment;323
14.12;Cathodic protection;324
14.13;Role of bacteria in corrosion;327
14.14;Corrosion in gas-condensate wells;328
14.15;Inhibitors and passivators;331
14.16;Sample problems;332
14.17;Sample questions and problems;336
14.18;References;337
15;CHAPTER 9. WATER QUALITY FOR SUBSURFACE INJECTION;340
15.1;Introduction;340
15.2;Injection suitability;340
15.3;Scale;346
15.4;Corrosion;348
15.5;Use of sea water for injection purposes;353
15.6;Selection of water intake location;355
15.7;Design of water intake;356
15.8;Test methods used in waterflooding operations;360
15.9;Preparation of water for surface injection;374
15.10;Removal of dissolved gases ;384
15.11;Equipment considerations;384
15.12;Degassing equipment;388
15.13;Sample questions;389
15.14;References;390
16;CHAPTER 10. OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY;394
16.1;Introduction;394
16.2;Offshore exploration;395
16.3;Offshore production facilities ;400
16.4;Subsea production systems;424
16.5;Design considerations;428
16.6;Offshore transportation methods;435
16.7;Sample questions;439
16.8;References;439
17;CHAPTER 11. POLLUTION CONTROL;442
17.1;Introduction;442
17.2;Water treatment;443
17.3;Wastewater treatment disign;445
17.4;Chemical treatment;454
17.5;Steamflood emissions;457
17.6;Sample problems;474
17.7;References;475
18;CHAPTER 12. UNDERGROUND STORAGE OF GAS AND OIL;478
18.1;Introduction;478
18.2;Storage of gas in depleted gas and oil fields;479
18.3;Storage in aquifers;479
18.4;Storage in salt caverns;480
18.5;Requirelments for salt cavity storage;482
18.6;Mined caverns;491
18.7;Storage in cavities produced by nuclear explosions;493
18.8;Sample questions;493
18.9;References;493
19;APPENDIX A. TECHNOLOGY OF TESTING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND SAMPLE EXPERIMENTS;496
19.1;Some theoretical considerations of distillation;496
19.2;Layer type and eutectic type equilibrium diagrams;503
19.3;Tests on fuels;504
19.4;Doctor test;509
19.5;Functions of lubricating oils;516
19.6;Tests on lubricating oils;517
19.7;Classification and requirements of lubricating greases;525
19.8;Orsat gas analysis;526
19.9;Freezing point tests;529
19.10;Charcoal test for gasoline content of natural gas;531
19.11;Sample experiments;532
19.12;References;541
20;APPENDIX B. CONVERSION OF UNITS;542
20.1;Theoretical aspects;542
20.2;Example 1: Dynamic viscosity conversion factor;542
20.3;Example 2: Determination of multicomponent conversion constants;543
20.4;Conversion factors;545
20.5;Temperature conversion formulas;562
20.6;References;562
21;REFERENCES INDEX;564
22;SUBJECT INDEX;572
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