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Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, I

E-BookPDFDRM AdobeE-Book
821 Seiten
Englisch
Elsevier Science & Techn.erschienen am01.07.1987
This is the first part of a two-volume work which comes at a time when oil producers are taking a close look at the economy of oilfield operation and redesign of production technology to improve ultimate recovery. The very high cost, and risk, of the search for new oilfields demands the re-evaluation of production technology and reservoir engineering to improve the production characteristics of existing oilfields.

It is the aim of this work that it will be instrumental in the improvement of the global enhancement of oil production and ultimate recovery. It is the outcome of extensive collaboration between experts in petroleum who have devoted their time to the lucid expression of the knowledge that they have acquired through experience in the evaluation and solution of field problems, and development of economic field processes. Oil production companies have been generous in their cooperation through assistance and encouragement to the authors and permission to publish data, designs and photographs.

Together, the two books provide a detailed and comprehensive coverage of the subject. The physical and chemical properties of the fluids encountered by engineers in the field are clearly described. The properties, methods of separation, measurement, and transportation of these fluids (gases, condensate liquids derived from natural gas, crude oils and oilfield waters) are dealt with. Following a presentation of the fluids and their process technology, a series of chapters give a thorough discussion of every type of surface equipment that is encountered in the myriad aspects of oilfield operations, ranging from waterflooding to new enhanced oil recovery techniques. Included are all methods for pumping, water control, production logging and corrosion control. The coverage also extends to: well completion and work-over operations, methods for design and operation of underground gas storage, and a review of offshore technology.

Surface Operations in Petroleum Production is therefore a comprehensive reference which will be invaluable for field production managers and engineers, as well as being an ideal text on production technology to complement the study of reservoir engineering.
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Produkt

KlappentextThis is the first part of a two-volume work which comes at a time when oil producers are taking a close look at the economy of oilfield operation and redesign of production technology to improve ultimate recovery. The very high cost, and risk, of the search for new oilfields demands the re-evaluation of production technology and reservoir engineering to improve the production characteristics of existing oilfields.

It is the aim of this work that it will be instrumental in the improvement of the global enhancement of oil production and ultimate recovery. It is the outcome of extensive collaboration between experts in petroleum who have devoted their time to the lucid expression of the knowledge that they have acquired through experience in the evaluation and solution of field problems, and development of economic field processes. Oil production companies have been generous in their cooperation through assistance and encouragement to the authors and permission to publish data, designs and photographs.

Together, the two books provide a detailed and comprehensive coverage of the subject. The physical and chemical properties of the fluids encountered by engineers in the field are clearly described. The properties, methods of separation, measurement, and transportation of these fluids (gases, condensate liquids derived from natural gas, crude oils and oilfield waters) are dealt with. Following a presentation of the fluids and their process technology, a series of chapters give a thorough discussion of every type of surface equipment that is encountered in the myriad aspects of oilfield operations, ranging from waterflooding to new enhanced oil recovery techniques. Included are all methods for pumping, water control, production logging and corrosion control. The coverage also extends to: well completion and work-over operations, methods for design and operation of underground gas storage, and a review of offshore technology.

Surface Operations in Petroleum Production is therefore a comprehensive reference which will be invaluable for field production managers and engineers, as well as being an ideal text on production technology to complement the study of reservoir engineering.
Details
Weitere ISBN/GTIN9780080879789
ProduktartE-Book
EinbandartE-Book
FormatPDF
Format HinweisDRM Adobe
Erscheinungsjahr1987
Erscheinungsdatum01.07.1987
Seiten821 Seiten
SpracheEnglisch
Dateigrösse35637 Kbytes
Artikel-Nr.2742296
Rubriken
Genre9200

Inhalt/Kritik

Inhaltsverzeichnis
1;Front Cover;1
2;Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, I;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;12
5;Contributors;7
6;Preface;10
7;Chapter 1. Introduction to Surface Production Equipment ;26
7.1;Introduction;26
7.2;Gathering system;26
7.3;Treating section ;28
7.4;Storage tanks;36
7.5;Accessory equipment ;36
7.6;Separators ;40
7.7;Gas processing and conditioning;43
7.8;Sample problems;46
7.9;Appendix 1.l-Some fundamental fluid mechanics concepts and sample problems;48
7.10;Appendix 1.ll-Hydrocarbons; Composition of crude oil and petroleum products ;57
7.11;References;66
8;Chapter 2. Physical Properties of Petroleum Gases and Liquids ;68
8.1;Introduction;68
8.2;Density of gases;69
8.3;Density of liquids;72
8.4;Viscosity of gases;74
8.5;Viscosity of liquids;75
8.6;Vapor-liquid equilibrium rations ;77
8.7;Interrelationship among various physical properties of crude oils;81
8.8;Sample problems and questions;81
8.9;References;83
9;Chapter 3. Sepration of Oil and Gas ;84
9.1;Introduction;84
9.2;Types of separators;86
9.3;Internal parts of a separator;88
9.4;Factors influencing separation;91
9.5;Separator design;92
9.6;Separator design using actual manufacturers field test data;96
9.7;Stage separation;96
9.8;Methods of successive approximations;102
9.9;Lockhart-McHenry method of flash-equilibrium calculations;103
9.10;The Lockhart method;106
9.11;Three-phase flash equilibrium;108
9.12;Sample problems and questions;109
9.13;Appendix 3.l-Raoult s, Dalton s and Henry s laws;110
9.14;Appendix 3.ll-Illustration, accessories, gas capacities, settling volumes, and specifications for: (1) vertical low-pressure separators; (2) vertical high-pressure separators; (3) horizontal low- pressure separators; (4) horizontal high-pressure separators; and spherical separators;112
9.15;References;133
10;Chapter 4. Oil Field Emulsions and Their Electrical Resolution;134
10.1;Introduction;134
10.2;Theory of emulsions;135
10.3;Dehydration;138
10.4;Electric dehydrators;143
10.5;Automated dehydration;146
10.6;Sample questions;148
10.7;Acknowledgements;149
10.8;References;149
11;Chapter 5. Chemical Resolution of Petroleum Emulsions;150
11.1;Introduction;150
11.2;Nature of emulsions;150
11.3;Crude oil production;153
11.4;Reduced-temperature treating;155
11.5;Chemical resolution process;156
11.6;Operating procedures;158
11.7;Resolution of oil-in-water emulsions;161
11.8;Trouble shooting;162
11.9;Waste oil treating systems;167
11.10;Stokes'law;170
11.11;Sample questions;171
11.12;Appendix 5.I-Derivation of Stokes law equation;171
11.13;References;172
12;Chapter 6. Vapor Recovery ;174
12.1;Introduction;174
12.2;Evaporation loss;174
12.3;Evaporation control;175
12.4;Fundamentals of the vapor recovery system;177
12.5;Equipment required;179
12.6;Design of vapor recovery systems;183
12.7;Storages pressures;186
12.8;Vent valve pressure setting;187
12.9;Valve flow capacity;190
12.10;Venting;191
12.11;Fast payouts from vapor recovery systems;191
12.12;Summary;194
12.13;Sample questions;194
12.14;Acknowledgements;194
12.15;References;195
12.16;Appendix 6.l-Venting atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks (non-refrigerated);196
13;Chapter 7. Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquids ;202
13.1;Introduction;202
13.2;Natural gas;203
13.3;Gas processing plants;206
13.4;Gas specifications;207
13.5;Gas test methods;208
13.6;Natural gas liquids;209
13.7;Gas treating;210
13.8;Liquid extraction;214
13.9;Gas gathering;223
13.10;Gas injection;225
13.11;Gas engineering;226
13.12;Sample problems and questions;227
13.13;Appendix 7.l-Sample plant flow problems;229
13.14;References;235
14;Chapter 8. Oil and Gas Transport ;236
14.1;Introduction;236
14.2;Fundamentals of flow in pipes;236
14.3;Principles of pumping;244
14.4;Oil pipeline transportation;246
14.5;Nonisothermal flow;255
14.6;Transportation of heavy oils in pipelines;278
14.7;Pipeline transportation of natural gas;279
14.8;Acknowledgements;294
14.9;Appendix 8.l;294
14.10;Sample problems;300
14.11;References;301
15;Chapter 9. Design of Flowing Well Systems ;304
15.1;Introduction;304
15.2;Reservoir fluid flow;305
15.3;Vertical flow;311
15.4;Multiphase flow in directional wells;315
15.5;Horizontal flow in surface flowlines;316
15.6;Inclined or hilly terrain multiphase flow;317
15.7;Flow through chokes;319
15.8;The overall production system;321
15.9;Sample problems;324
15.10;Appendix 9.I;325
15.11;Appendix 9.ll-Introduction to chokes;348
15.12;References;351
16;Chapter 10. Well Testing ;352
16.1;Introduction;352
16.2;Drillstem testing;352
16.3;Buildup and drawdown test fundamentals;365
16.4;Sample questions and problems;394
16.5;References;395
17;Chapter 11. Production Logging ;398
17.1;Introduction;398
17.2;Logging devices;398
17.3;Interpretation of flowmeter logs;409
17.4;Interpretation of the gradiomanometer;415
17.5;Temperature surveys;416
17.6;Appendix 11.l-Production logging (field examples);426
17.7;Sample problems and questions;437
17.8;References;438
18;Chapter 12. Gas Lift ;440
18.1;Introduction;440
18.2;Review of gas lift fundamentals;441
18.3;Principles and methods of gas lift;451
18.4;Types of gas lift;456
18.5;Gas lift equipment;477
18.6;Conclusions;484
18.7;Solution of some fundamental problems;485
18.8;Sampl problems and questions ;488
18.9;References;489
19;Chapter 13. Plunger Lift ;492
19.1;Introduction;492
19.2;History;493
19.3;Equipment developments;494
19.4;Early prediction methods;500
19.5;Well data for cycle-controlled expanding plunger;501
19.6;Least squares equations for plunger lift;501
19.7;Method of obtaining equations for gas and pressure;510
19.8;Method of obtaining equations for maximum production rate;512
19.9;Constructing plunger lift nomographs;513
19.10;How to use plunger lift nomographs;521
19.11;Plunger lift nomographs and examples;521
19.12;Plunger lift applications;535
19.13;Predicting plunger lift performance;542
19.14;Nomenclature;552
19.15;Acknowledgements;553
19.16;Sample problems and questions;553
19.17;References;554
20;Chapter 14. Sucker-Rod Pumping;556
20.1;Introduction;556
20.2;Sucker-rod pumping unit;556
20.3;Evaluation and selection of pumps;564
20.4;Theoretical analysis in sucker-rod design;585
20.5;Counterbalance design ;603
20.6;Torque calculation;605
20.7;Prime mover horsepower requirements;606
20.8;API recommended design procedure;608
20.9;Dynamometer cards (dynagraphs);618
20.10;Visual diagnosis of operating conditions;620
20.11;Problem well testing;636
20.12;Energy optimization;636
20.13;Selection of materials;647
20.14;Installation and operation;651
20.15;Sample problems and questions;651
20.16;Appendix 14.l-Useful formulas;653
20.17;Appendix 14.ll-Pumping unit design calculations;654
20.18;References;658
21;Chapter 15. Hydraulic Subsurface Pumps ;660
21.1;Introduction;660
21.2;Subsurface pumps-piston type;663
21.3;Pump selection;685
21.4;Tubing arrangements;695
21.5;Wellheads;705
21.6;Control manifolds;705
21.7;Surface pumps;706
21.8;Power fluid cleaning system;706
21.9;CPF systems;708
21.10;OPF systems;709
21.11;Individual wellsite power plant;712
21.12;Power fluid rate calculations;718
21.13;Power fluid pressure calculations;718
21.14;Bottomhole pressure calculations;745
21.15;Sample problem and questions;751
21.16;References;761
22;Chapter 16. Electric Submergible Pumps;762
22.1;Introduction;762
22.2;Electric submergible pump system;762
22.3;Applications;763
22.4;Electric submergible system components;765
22.5;Selection data and methods;781
22.6;Handling,installation and operation;797
22.7;Troubleshooting;800
22.8;Example problem 16-l-pump selection on a well with a high producing GOR;810
22.9;Sample problems and question;822
22.10;References;824
23;References Index;826
24;Subject Index;830
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